{"title":"二语汉语词汇、语义和形态的共同发展:一个复杂的网络研究方法","authors":"Jian Li , Heng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.lingua.2025.104004","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using a complex network approach, this study explores the co-development of lexical-semantic knowledge and morphological awareness in second language (L2) Chinese learners. By tracking specific network metrics—such as the steady decline in density (ND) alongside non-monotonic shifts in weighted average degree (WAD) in the lexical-semantic networks, and the persistent rise in average degree (AD) in the word-formation networks—across three proficiency levels, we show how learners move from breadth-focused vocabulary growth toward deeper semantic integration, while their characters show enhanced compounding productivity and cohesive morphological linking. A strong correlation between these two competences is observed, with pivotal characters serving as critical links between the networks. While lexical-semantic knowledge and morphological awareness in L2 Chinese learners co-develop with increasing proficiency, they remain distinct from those of native Chinese speakers. These findings underscore the necessity of integrated, targeted, and stage-specific instructional strategies to facilitate the development of learners’ lexical competence. The study also provides practical insights for teaching Chinese as a foreign language (TCFL) through quantitative and visual analyses of L2 development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47955,"journal":{"name":"Lingua","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 104004"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Lexical-semantic and morphological co-development in L2 Chinese: a complex network approach\",\"authors\":\"Jian Li , Heng Chen\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.lingua.2025.104004\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Using a complex network approach, this study explores the co-development of lexical-semantic knowledge and morphological awareness in second language (L2) Chinese learners. By tracking specific network metrics—such as the steady decline in density (ND) alongside non-monotonic shifts in weighted average degree (WAD) in the lexical-semantic networks, and the persistent rise in average degree (AD) in the word-formation networks—across three proficiency levels, we show how learners move from breadth-focused vocabulary growth toward deeper semantic integration, while their characters show enhanced compounding productivity and cohesive morphological linking. A strong correlation between these two competences is observed, with pivotal characters serving as critical links between the networks. While lexical-semantic knowledge and morphological awareness in L2 Chinese learners co-develop with increasing proficiency, they remain distinct from those of native Chinese speakers. These findings underscore the necessity of integrated, targeted, and stage-specific instructional strategies to facilitate the development of learners’ lexical competence. The study also provides practical insights for teaching Chinese as a foreign language (TCFL) through quantitative and visual analyses of L2 development.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":47955,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Lingua\",\"volume\":\"325 \",\"pages\":\"Article 104004\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Lingua\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"98\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024384125001299\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"文学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"0\",\"JCRName\":\"LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Lingua","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024384125001299","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Lexical-semantic and morphological co-development in L2 Chinese: a complex network approach
Using a complex network approach, this study explores the co-development of lexical-semantic knowledge and morphological awareness in second language (L2) Chinese learners. By tracking specific network metrics—such as the steady decline in density (ND) alongside non-monotonic shifts in weighted average degree (WAD) in the lexical-semantic networks, and the persistent rise in average degree (AD) in the word-formation networks—across three proficiency levels, we show how learners move from breadth-focused vocabulary growth toward deeper semantic integration, while their characters show enhanced compounding productivity and cohesive morphological linking. A strong correlation between these two competences is observed, with pivotal characters serving as critical links between the networks. While lexical-semantic knowledge and morphological awareness in L2 Chinese learners co-develop with increasing proficiency, they remain distinct from those of native Chinese speakers. These findings underscore the necessity of integrated, targeted, and stage-specific instructional strategies to facilitate the development of learners’ lexical competence. The study also provides practical insights for teaching Chinese as a foreign language (TCFL) through quantitative and visual analyses of L2 development.
期刊介绍:
Lingua publishes papers of any length, if justified, as well as review articles surveying developments in the various fields of linguistics, and occasional discussions. A considerable number of pages in each issue are devoted to critical book reviews. Lingua also publishes Lingua Franca articles consisting of provocative exchanges expressing strong opinions on central topics in linguistics; The Decade In articles which are educational articles offering the nonspecialist linguist an overview of a given area of study; and Taking up the Gauntlet special issues composed of a set number of papers examining one set of data and exploring whose theory offers the most insight with a minimal set of assumptions and a maximum of arguments.