一个被尘埃和气体笼罩的破碎的岩石世界:利用JWST对K2-22 b的中红外观测

Nick Tusay, Jason T. Wright, Thomas G. Beatty, Steve Desch, Knicole Colón, Tushar Mittal, Hugh P. Osborn, Beatriz Campos Estrada, James E. Owen, Jessica Libby-Roberts, Arvind F. Gupta, Brad Foley, Erik Meier Valdés, Daniel J. Stevens and Ashley Herbst
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摘要

崩解的超短周期岩质系外行星k2 - 22b以动态混沌的过程周期性地发射尘埃云,导致凌日深度从0%到1.3%不等。从表面升华并在空间中凝结的流出物可能代表了以前对流输送到熔融表面的内层。透射光谱揭示了这个岩石世界内部组成的光谱指纹。我们使用JWST的中红外仪器作为低分辨率无缝隙光谱仪,观测了k2 - 22b的四个预测过境窗口。对于每个观测,我们提取了4.4-11.8 μm光谱范围内的透射光谱。在光谱精度最高的4.4 ~ 8 μm范围内,我们检测到1次高显著性凌日和2次低显著性凌日。虽然光谱的信噪比限制了我们得出确切结论的能力,但我们发现数据(1)不支持无特征的铁为主的核心物质,(2)与某种形式的硅酸镁矿物一致,可能来自地幔物质,(3)在~ 5 μm处显示出明显且意想不到的特征。这个意想不到的特征,在低显著性凌日中也很微弱,与未知的气体吸收剂一致,可能是NO和/或CO2。这些发现值得进一步研究,以改善对这个分裂的岩石世界组成的限制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Disintegrating Rocky World Shrouded in Dust and Gas: Mid-infrared Observations of K2-22 b Using JWST
The disintegrating ultrashort period rocky exoplanet K2-22 b periodically emits dusty clouds in a dynamically chaotic process resulting in a variable transit depth from 0% to 1.3%. The effluents that sublimate off the surface and condense out in space are probably representative of the formerly interior layers convectively transported to the molten surface. Transmission spectroscopy of these transiting clouds reveals spectral fingerprints of the interior composition of this rocky world. We used JWST’s Mid-Infrared Instrument as a low-resolution slitless spectrograph to observe four predicted transit windows for K2-22 b. For each observation, we extracted a transmission spectrum over the spectral range of 4.4–11.8 μm. Over the spectral range of 4.4–8 μm, where the spectral precision is highest, we detect one transit at high significance and two at low significance. While the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum limits our ability to draw firm conclusions, we find that the data (1) disfavor featureless, iron-dominated core material, (2) are consistent with some form of magnesium silicate minerals, likely from mantle material, and (3) show a distinct and unexpected feature at ∼5 μm. The unexpected feature, also seen weakly in the low-significance transits, is consistent with an unknown gaseous absorber, possibly NO and/or CO2. These findings warrant further study to improve the constraints on the composition of this disintegrating rocky world.
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