饲料碳水化合物水平对生物絮团系统中凡纳滨对虾生长性能、饲料效率和免疫反应的影响

IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Metabolites Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI:10.3390/metabo15060409
Yulong Sun, Shuailiang Zhang, Wenping Feng, Yunqi Zhang, Tao Han, Jiteng Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景/目的:在为期8周的研究中,本研究评估了饲料碳水化合物水平对生物团块技术(BFT)系统中饲养的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长、代谢和免疫的影响。方法:对五种碳水化合物水平从11%到47%不等的等氮等脂饮食进行评估。结果:饲粮中添加碳水化合物对生长性能和饲料利用率均有显著影响。饲粮中碳水化合物含量为38%时,对虾的增重、特定生长率和饲料系数最高。肝胰代谢分析表明,对虾通过糖酵解酶(PK、PFK)的上调和糖异生酶(PEPCK、G6Pase)的下调来适应高碳水化合物饲料。通过优化水质和补充微生物营养,BFT系统中的凡纳滨扁豆提高了饲料碳水化合物利用率,增强了先天免疫力。具体来说,SOD和CAT活性基本上不受不同碳水化合物水平的影响。然而,过量的碳水化合物摄入仍然会引起氧化应激。高糖组(47%)血淋巴MDA含量显著升高(p < 0.05),葡萄糖、甘油三酯和总蛋白水平也发生相应的代谢变化。基于本研究的结果,BFT系统可以通过提高溶酶体酶活性(如ACP)和提高总蛋白水平来减轻高碳水化合物饮食的不良影响。结论:这些结果表明,BFT系统增强了对虾的免疫力,减轻了饲料成分不平衡的潜在不利影响。分段回归分析确定了BFT系统内对虾的最佳饲粮碳水化合物水平为31.44 ~ 31.77%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of Dietary Carbohydrate Levels on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency, and Immune Response in Litopenaeus vannamei Cultured in Biofloc Systems.

Background/Objective: Over an eight-week period, this study assessed the influence of dietary carbohydrate levels on growth, metabolism, and immunity in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) raised within a biofloc technology (BFT) system. Methods: Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, spanning carbohydrate levels from 11% to 47%, were evaluated. Results: The results showed that dietary carbohydrate significantly impacted both growth performance and feed utilization. The diet containing 38% carbohydrate yielded the best outcomes, resulting in the highest weight gain, specific growth rate, and an optimal feed conversion ratio in the shrimp. Hepatopancreatic metabolic analysis revealed that the shrimp adapted to diets high in carbohydrates through the upregulation of glycolytic enzymes (PK, PFK) and downregulation of gluconeogenic enzymes (PEPCK, G6Pase). By optimizing the water quality and supplementing microbial nutrition, L. vannamei in the BFT system exhibited enhanced dietary carbohydrate utilization and strengthened innate immunity. Specifically, SOD and CAT activities remained largely unaffected by varying carbohydrate levels. However, excessive carbohydrate intake still induced oxidative stress. The high-sugar group (47%) exhibited a significant increase in hemolymph MDA content (p < 0.05), with corresponding metabolic alterations observed in glucose, triglyceride, and total protein levels. On the basis of the results of this study, the BFT system may mitigate the adverse effects of a high-carbohydrate diet by enhancing lysosomal enzyme activity (e.g., ACP) and increasing total protein levels. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the BFT system enhances shrimp immunity and mitigates the potential adverse effects of imbalanced dietary components. Piecewise regression analysis determined the optimal dietary carbohydrate level for shrimp within the BFT system to be 31.44-31.77%.

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来源期刊
Metabolites
Metabolites Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Molecular Biology
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
7.30%
发文量
1070
审稿时长
17.17 days
期刊介绍: Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal of metabolism and metabolomics. Metabolites publishes original research articles and review articles in all molecular aspects of metabolism relevant to the fields of metabolomics, metabolic biochemistry, computational and systems biology, biotechnology and medicine, with a particular focus on the biological roles of metabolites and small molecule biomarkers. Metabolites encourages scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on article length. Sufficient experimental details must be provided to enable the results to be accurately reproduced. Electronic material representing additional figures, materials and methods explanation, or supporting results and evidence can be submitted with the main manuscript as supplementary material.
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