Use of Mitomycin C in Ophthalmic Surgery.

Purpose: To discuss the application of mitomycin C (MMC) in ophthalmic surgical procedures, including dosage, method of application, reported complications, and follow-up results.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library without date limitations using keywords: mitomycin, ophthalmic, and surgery. The original articles used as references were first graded using a 0 to 5 grading scale devised by the authors to ensure the uniformity of reference selection. Only those original articles grading 3 or above based on this grading scale were used as references. The last search was conducted in March 2024.

Results: MMC has been widely utilized in ophthalmic surgery due to its effects on the wound-healing process. The main current applications include pterygium surgery, glaucoma filtering surgery, surgical treatment of ocular surface tumors, eye alignment surgeries, dacryocystorhinostomy, and corneal refractive surgery.

Conclusions: The dosage and duration of MMC application in ophthalmic surgery depend on the specific procedure, with ongoing controversies regarding the optimal dosage. In addition, it is essential to consider complications when evaluating the cost-benefit of MMC use. Further randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are warranted, with a specific focus on reducing long-term side effects, refining dosage guidelines, and exploring MMC's role in combination therapies for various ophthalmic procedures.