Lijiang Luan, Jeremy Witchalls, Phil Newman, Adrian Pranata, Charlotte Ganderton, Oren Tirosh, Doa El-Ansary, Roger David Adams, Gordon Waddington, Jia Han
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Considerations in the selection of patient-reported outcome measures for assessing function related to chronic ankle instability.
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are essential tools in evaluating chronic ankle instability (CAI), capturing subjective experiences such as "giving way" and instability. However, no standardized guidelines exist for selecting PROMs in CAI, resulting in limited comparability across studies and clinical settings. This paper highlights four key considerations for selecting PROMs in assessing CAI: recalibration in populations including individuals with CAI, identifiability of ankle instability, detectability of CAI characteristics, and cross-cultural adaptability. It emphasizes that CAI-specific PROMs should demonstrate high pertinence, accurately distinguishing CAI from other conditions, and effectively detecting symptom changes over time. Furthermore, widely adopted PROMs may offer greater credibility and applicability. Addressing these considerations is crucial for improving CAI diagnosis, treatment evaluation, and advancing patient-centered care.
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The translation of new discoveries in medicine to clinical routine has never been easy. During the second half of the last century, thanks to the progress in chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology, we have seen the development and the application of a large number of drugs and devices aimed at the treatment of symptoms, blocking unwanted pathways and, in the case of infectious diseases, fighting the micro-organisms responsible. However, we are facing, today, a dramatic change in the therapeutic approach to pathologies and diseases. Indeed, the challenge of the present and the next decade is to fully restore the physiological status of the diseased organism and to completely regenerate tissue and organs when they are so seriously affected that treatments cannot be limited to the repression of symptoms or to the repair of damage. This is being made possible thanks to the major developments made in basic cell and molecular biology, including stem cell science, growth factor delivery, gene isolation and transfection, the advances in bioengineering and nanotechnology, including development of new biomaterials, biofabrication technologies and use of bioreactors, and the big improvements in diagnostic tools and imaging of cells, tissues and organs.
In today`s world, an enhancement of communication between multidisciplinary experts, together with the promotion of joint projects and close collaborations among scientists, engineers, industry people, regulatory agencies and physicians are absolute requirements for the success of any attempt to develop and clinically apply a new biological therapy or an innovative device involving the collective use of biomaterials, cells and/or bioactive molecules. “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” aspires to be a forum for all people involved in the process by bridging the gap too often existing between a discovery in the basic sciences and its clinical application.
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