品种选择对小麦间作豌豆品种共生固氮及产量性状的影响。

Discover agriculture Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-19 DOI:10.1007/s44279-025-00261-0
Chathuranga De Silva, Pramod Rathor, Thomas D Warkentin, Hari P Poudel, Malinda S Thilakarathna
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引用次数: 0

摘要

近几十年来,农业实践已从多样化种植制度转向单一种植制度,导致土壤退化、养分枯竭和生物多样性减少,威胁到长期生产力和生态系统的可持续性。本研究旨在探讨豆科植物品种选择对豌豆-小麦间作的影响,重点关注共生固氮、产量、种子氮素和土地生产力。采用不同年代发布的多种豌豆品种[Century(1960)、Trapper(1970)、CDC Golden(2002)、CDC Amarillo(2012)和CDC Spectrum(2016)],在单作和小麦间作条件下进行了温室试验,以评估豌豆的产量参数和共生固氮能力。套作条件下,长藤老品种(Century和Trapper)的种子干重(62.9 ~ 66.3%)、荚果数(82.7 ~ 100%)和种子数(126.9 ~ 163.5%)均高于中长藤新品种(CDC Golden、CDC Amarillo和CDC Spectrum)。另一方面,间作的伴生小麦产量(29.8 ~ 69.9%)和种子氮含量(31.1 ~ 65.5%)均高于新豌豆品种。间作提高不同品种豌豆固氮量(0.7 ~ 7.5%);然而,与新品种相比,老品种对整个系统的氮固定和氮携带贡献更大。间作小麦的收获指数、土地等效比(LER)和氮基比(LERN)均不显著高于单作小麦,但部分LER和LERN的增加突出了间作小麦的效益。总的来说,新豌豆品种通过提高产量和资源效率来提高豌豆小麦间作,突出了豆科作物间作选择的重要性。图形化的简介:
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of cultivar selection on symbiotic nitrogen fixation and yield traits of pea cultivars in intercropping with wheat.

In recent decades, agricultural practices have shifted from diverse cropping systems to monocropping, leading to soil degradation, nutrient depletion, and reduced biodiversity, which threaten long-term productivity and ecosystem sustainability. This study aimed to explore how legume cultivar selection influences pea (Pisum sativum L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) intercropping, focusing on symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation, yield, seed N, and land productivity. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using various pea cultivars that were released in different decades [Century (1960), Trapper (1970), CDC Golden (2002), CDC Amarillo (2012), and CDC Spectrum (2016)] under monocropping and intercropping with wheat to evaluate the yield parameters and symbiotic N fixation capabilities of pea. The old, long-vined pea cultivars (Century and Trapper) had higher seed dry weight (62.9-66.3%), number of pods (82.7-100%) and number of seeds (126.9-163.5%) than the newer, moderate vine length cultivars (CDC Golden, CDC Amarillo and CDC Spectrum) under intercropping. On the other hand, the companion wheat crop had a greater yield (29.8-69.9%) and seed N (31.1-65.5%) when intercropped with the newer pea cultivars. Intercropping enhanced N fixation (0.7-7.5%) in peas across cultivars; however, the older cultivars contributed more to the overall system's N fixation and N carry-over compared to the newer cultivars. While the harvest index, land equivalent ratio (LER), and N-based LER (LERN) of intercropped wheat were not significantly higher than mono-cropped wheat, the increased partial LER and LERN for wheat highlight intercropping benefits. Overall, newer pea cultivars enhanced pea-wheat intercropping by improving productivity and resource efficiency, highlighting the importance of legume cultivar selection in intercropping.

Graphical abstract:

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