硼中子俘获治疗:一种很有前途的放射治疗方式。

IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIOLOGY
Hossam Donya, Nouf Mobarak Alzahrani, Abdulla Abdulsalam, Muhammed Umer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

硼中子俘获疗法(BNCT)是一种先进的医疗技术,它结合了硼化合物和中子辐射的使用,优先摧毁癌细胞,同时最大限度地减少(但不能完全消除)对周围健康组织的损害。这种疗法依赖于10B,通过特定的化合物传递,捕获中子并进行核反应。这种捕获导致高能α粒子和锂离子的发射,它们选择性地破坏装载硼的肿瘤细胞,最终导致它们的破坏。BNCT的主要优势在于它能够对癌细胞进行高度定位和靶向治疗,并且由于反应产物的极短范围,使健康组织免受显著的辐射损伤。这使得它特别适合治疗位于敏感或关键区域的某些类型的肿瘤,在这些区域,常规放射治疗效果较差或风险较高。在BNCT中,中子源是处理过程的关键组成部分。在BNCT中,传统上使用反应堆和加速器作为中子源,而最近的研究也探索了中子发生器。BNCT的成功取决于有效硼输送剂和优化中子源的发展,这两个领域的最新进展扩大了BNCT治疗挑战性肿瘤的临床潜力。纳米技术的最新进展已经将碳点作为BNCT的硼纳米载体。这些碳点具有高生物相容性和独特的光学特性。此外,它们还具有穿越血脑屏障的能力,使脑肿瘤靶向传递和成像成为可能。分子生物学和成像技术的最新进展增强了我们对肿瘤特征的认识,并促进了对癌细胞具有更高选择性的硼化合物的开发。本文概述了硼化合物和中子源这两种BNCT主要成分的历史发展,以及它们未来的应用潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Boron neutron capture therapy: a promising radiation treatment modality.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a progressive medical technique that combines the use of boron compounds and neutron radiation to preferentially destroy cancer cells while minimizing, but not entirely eliminating, damage to surrounding healthy tissues. This therapy relies on 10B, delivered via specific compounds, capturing neutrons and undergoing a nuclear reaction. This capture leads to the emission of high-energy alpha particles and lithium ions, which selectively damage the boron-loaded tumour cells, ultimately leading to their destruction. The key advantage of BNCT lies in its ability to deliver a highly localized and targeted treatment to cancer cells, and sparing healthy tissues from significant radiation damage due to the extremely short range of the reaction products. This makes it particularly suitable for treating certain types of tumours located in sensitive or critical areas where conventional radiation therapy is less effective or poses higher risks. In BNCT, the neutron source is a crucial component of the treatment process. Reactors and accelerators have traditionally been used as neutron sources in BNCT, while recent studies have also explored neutron generators. The success of BNCT depends on the development of effective boron delivery agents and optimized neutron sources, with recent advances in both areas expanding its clinical potential for treating challenging tumours. Recent advances in nanotechnology have introduced carbon dots as promising boron nanocarriers for BNCT. These carbon dots offer high biocompatibility and unique optical properties. Additionally, they have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, enabling targeted brain tumour delivery and imaging. Recent progress in molecular biology and imaging technologies is enhancing our knowledge of tumour characteristics and facilitating the development of boron compounds with greater selectivity for cancer cells. The present overview presents the historical development of the two primary BNCT components, the boron compound and neutron source, as well as their potential for future applications.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
5.90%
发文量
53
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: This journal is devoted to fundamental and applied issues in radiation research and biophysics. The topics may include: Biophysics of ionizing radiation: radiation physics and chemistry, radiation dosimetry, radiobiology, radioecology, biophysical foundations of medical applications of radiation, and radiation protection. Biological effects of radiation: experimental or theoretical work on molecular or cellular effects; relevance of biological effects for risk assessment; biological effects of medical applications of radiation; relevance of radiation for biosphere and in space; modelling of ecosystems; modelling of transport processes of substances in biotic systems. Risk assessment: epidemiological studies of cancer and non-cancer effects; quantification of risk including exposures to radiation and confounding factors Contributions to these topics may include theoretical-mathematical and experimental material, as well as description of new techniques relevant for the study of these issues. They can range from complex radiobiological phenomena to issues in health physics and environmental protection.
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