Combined Multiomics Analysis Reveals the Role of ANXA1 Methylation and miRNA-Targeted LDLR in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine syndrome that afflicts women of childbearing age, whose specific pathogenesis is unknown. Combined multiomics analysis on it is still lacking. The purpose of this study was to use combined multiomics analyses to learn about the development of PCOS.

Methods: We randomly selected three PCOS mouse models and two control mice as the mouse group, as well as three PCOS patients and two normal women as the human group. The data were analyzed by multiomics analysis including methylomes, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. We explored the key genes involved in the occurrence and development of PCOS that were common in multiomics. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and real-time PCR (qPCR) experiments were performed to verify the reliability of the results.

Results: The gene ANXA1 was hypomethylated and highly expressed in both mouse and human samples. Meanwhile, LDLR had a lower expression in both mouse and human samples, targeted by an upregulated microRNA (miRNA) called has-miR-106a-5p, which may relate to hyperandrogenemia.

Conclusions: Epigenetic mechanisms have an impact on the development of PCOS. Both ANXA1 and LDLR play important roles in the pathological process of PCOS and have the potential to be diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.