Jun-Hyeok Jang , Jinhyeok Hong , Jong Bum Kim , Sechan Park , Kyucheol Hwang , Jeongho Kim , Jin Young Kim , Gwi-Nam Bae , Seongheon Kim , Kyung Hwan Kim
{"title":"2024年春季洪城地区大气氨对PM2.5中二次无机气溶胶形成的影响","authors":"Jun-Hyeok Jang , Jinhyeok Hong , Jong Bum Kim , Sechan Park , Kyucheol Hwang , Jeongho Kim , Jin Young Kim , Gwi-Nam Bae , Seongheon Kim , Kyung Hwan Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121363","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrate and organic components have been considered key contributors to high PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations in Korea. This study examines the chemical evolution of aerosol species influenced by atmospheric ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in Hongseong county, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea, during late spring 2024 (May 20 – June 18), a period characterized by intensive agricultural activity. Using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor and ammonia analyzer, an ammonium-rich atmospheric state (average NH<sub>3</sub> concentration: 26.7 ± 12.4 ppb) was observed, with notable contributions from ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>), nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>), and sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>), especially under high-humidity conditions. The relative contributions of nitrate to PM<sub>2.5</sub> for low (0–15 μg/m<sup>3</sup>), medium (16–30 μg/m<sup>3</sup>), and high (over 30 μg/m<sup>3</sup>) concentration intervals were 13.8 %, 23.4 %, and 29.6 %, respectively. Elevated relative humidity (RH), averaging 63.1 % (low), 82.3 % (medium), and 91.7 % (high), played a significant role in nitrate formation for those concentration intervals. Elevated nighttime ammonium conversion ratios (NHR) highlighted the importance of abundant atmospheric NH<sub>3</sub> under high RH conditions, facilitating effective heterogeneous uptake and subsequent particulate ammonium formation. Source tracking using the conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF) model identified agricultural fields, power plants, and industrial complexes as major sources of precursor emissions. These results emphasize the need to control emissions of NH<sub>3</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and NOx in rural areas to mitigate PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution and improve air quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 121363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Influence of atmospheric ammonia on secondary inorganic aerosol formation in PM2.5 during spring 2024 in the Hongseong area, Republic of Korea\",\"authors\":\"Jun-Hyeok Jang , Jinhyeok Hong , Jong Bum Kim , Sechan Park , Kyucheol Hwang , Jeongho Kim , Jin Young Kim , Gwi-Nam Bae , Seongheon Kim , Kyung Hwan Kim\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121363\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Nitrate and organic components have been considered key contributors to high PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations in Korea. This study examines the chemical evolution of aerosol species influenced by atmospheric ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in Hongseong county, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea, during late spring 2024 (May 20 – June 18), a period characterized by intensive agricultural activity. Using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor and ammonia analyzer, an ammonium-rich atmospheric state (average NH<sub>3</sub> concentration: 26.7 ± 12.4 ppb) was observed, with notable contributions from ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>), nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>), and sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>), especially under high-humidity conditions. The relative contributions of nitrate to PM<sub>2.5</sub> for low (0–15 μg/m<sup>3</sup>), medium (16–30 μg/m<sup>3</sup>), and high (over 30 μg/m<sup>3</sup>) concentration intervals were 13.8 %, 23.4 %, and 29.6 %, respectively. Elevated relative humidity (RH), averaging 63.1 % (low), 82.3 % (medium), and 91.7 % (high), played a significant role in nitrate formation for those concentration intervals. Elevated nighttime ammonium conversion ratios (NHR) highlighted the importance of abundant atmospheric NH<sub>3</sub> under high RH conditions, facilitating effective heterogeneous uptake and subsequent particulate ammonium formation. Source tracking using the conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF) model identified agricultural fields, power plants, and industrial complexes as major sources of precursor emissions. These results emphasize the need to control emissions of NH<sub>3</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and NOx in rural areas to mitigate PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution and improve air quality.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":250,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Atmospheric Environment\",\"volume\":\"358 \",\"pages\":\"Article 121363\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Atmospheric Environment\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231025003383\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Atmospheric Environment","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231025003383","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Influence of atmospheric ammonia on secondary inorganic aerosol formation in PM2.5 during spring 2024 in the Hongseong area, Republic of Korea
Nitrate and organic components have been considered key contributors to high PM2.5 concentrations in Korea. This study examines the chemical evolution of aerosol species influenced by atmospheric ammonia (NH3) in Hongseong county, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea, during late spring 2024 (May 20 – June 18), a period characterized by intensive agricultural activity. Using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor and ammonia analyzer, an ammonium-rich atmospheric state (average NH3 concentration: 26.7 ± 12.4 ppb) was observed, with notable contributions from ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3−), and sulfate (SO42−), especially under high-humidity conditions. The relative contributions of nitrate to PM2.5 for low (0–15 μg/m3), medium (16–30 μg/m3), and high (over 30 μg/m3) concentration intervals were 13.8 %, 23.4 %, and 29.6 %, respectively. Elevated relative humidity (RH), averaging 63.1 % (low), 82.3 % (medium), and 91.7 % (high), played a significant role in nitrate formation for those concentration intervals. Elevated nighttime ammonium conversion ratios (NHR) highlighted the importance of abundant atmospheric NH3 under high RH conditions, facilitating effective heterogeneous uptake and subsequent particulate ammonium formation. Source tracking using the conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF) model identified agricultural fields, power plants, and industrial complexes as major sources of precursor emissions. These results emphasize the need to control emissions of NH3, SO2, and NOx in rural areas to mitigate PM2.5 pollution and improve air quality.
期刊介绍:
Atmospheric Environment has an open access mirror journal Atmospheric Environment: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review.
Atmospheric Environment is the international journal for scientists in different disciplines related to atmospheric composition and its impacts. The journal publishes scientific articles with atmospheric relevance of emissions and depositions of gaseous and particulate compounds, chemical processes and physical effects in the atmosphere, as well as impacts of the changing atmospheric composition on human health, air quality, climate change, and ecosystems.