Distribution Characteristics and Functional Prediction of NLRP3 Polymorphism in Children with Allergic Rhinitis.

Introduction: NLRP3 is involved in Th2 cell differentiation and the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. The purpose of this study was to explore the significance of NLRP3 polymorphisms in the susceptibility to allergic rhinitis.

Methods: From March 2023 to November 2024, children with allergic rhinitis (n = 200) and healthy children (n = 200) were collected. Tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were screened by Haploview 4.2 software. Multiplex PCR and sequencing were used to analyze genotypes of SNPs. HaploReg (version 4.2) was used to predict the impact of SNPs on regulatory motifs.

Results: Five tag SNPs were obtained, which were rs10925025, rs72553860, rs870381, rs10925018, and rs10802502. The relationship between genotypes of different polymorphic loci and polymorphism was analyzed. There were significant differences in the distribution frequency of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes of NLRP3 rs10925018 between allergic rhinitis and healthy children. The rs10925018 T allele was associated with an increased risk of allergic rhinitis (OR = 1.349, 95% CI: 1.012-1.798, p = 0.041). The genotype frequency distribution of NLRP3 rs10925018 was statistically different in the serum IgE levels subgroup (p = 0.036). The rs10925018 T allele was associated with an increased risk of serum IgE levels (OR = 1.660, 95% CI: 1.105-2.493, p = 0.014). Through HaploReg prediction, the rs10925018 polymorphism may affect regulatory motifs, thereby affecting the binding of YY1 and NLRP3.

Conclusions: NLRP3 rs10925018 polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and high IgE phenotype in children with allergic rhinitis.