Enhanced charge carrier separation and optoelectronic properties of stable double perovskite photocatalyst and its photocatalytic and electrochemical applications

The ultra-fast growth of different industries compensating living beings tailed with discharge of hazardous synthetic and volatile organic compounds into freshwater streams has disturbed the entire ecosystem. In current study perovskite photocatalyst has been designed and fabricated by anchoring metal cations of high and low valence state atoms. The different valences state atoms in the photocatalyst lattice serve as electron reservoir and dynamically adjust the valence state of material during photocatalytic and electrochemical applications. The fabricated perovskite was confirmed by various characterizations such as FTIR, XRD, EDX, SEM, HR-TEM. SEM analysis showing regular cubic morphology of fabricated material. The crystallinity was further confirmed by HR-TEM analysis. The calculated optical band gap from tauce’s equation lies in visible range (2.15 eV). The removal of EB dye at optimal condition was 99.21 % follows first order kinetics with R² value 0.96. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) showed a maximum current intensity 24 uA at 2.6 nM for oxalic acid. The significance of the RSM applied model was confirmed from the ANOVA of the model with 360.78F value and a lack of fit P-value of 0.53. The statistical investigations were in good agreement between the proposed model and experimental data. The high AP value 63.04 from 4 and the low coefficient of variance (CV) value of (2.62 %) confirmed the validation of the model.