Enhancing tribological performance of metal matrix composites via high-quality micro-dimples patterned by elliptical vibration texturing

Texturing micro-dimple structures on silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix (SiC_p/Al) composites is a promising technical approach to enhance their tribological performance. However, due to the heterogeneous material property, the fabrication of high-quality micro-dimples on SiC_p/Al composites by methods like laser texturing is challenging. This study introduces elliptical vibration texturing (EVT) to fabricate high-quality micro-dimples on SiC_p/Al through controlled material removal. A kinematic model was developed to predict dimple geometries, and experimental results revealed that EVT can effectively create uniform micro-dimple textures with minimal surface damage. The process involves a transition between ductile and brittle-ductile mixed removal modes, which promotes surface integrity. Tribological tests demonstrated that textured surfaces achieved a 40% reduction in the friction coefficient under lubricated conditions compared with untextured surfaces. Deeper dimple textures (6 μm) exhibited superior performance under higher loads owing to enhanced lubricant retention. This study presented a practical approach for improving the tribological performance of metal matrix composites for aerospace applications.