转诊医院检测肺外结核和利福平、异烟肼耐药模式的诊断方法:一项回顾性前瞻性研究。

IF 1.6 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
International Journal of Mycobacteriology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-20 DOI:10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_17_25
Ankur Kumar, Amresh Kumar Singh, Vivek Gaur, Ashwini Kumar Mishra, Anita Mehta, Raj Kishore Singh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:由结核分枝杆菌引起的结核病(TB)在全球每年造成约150万人死亡。由于样本采集的侵入性和传统诊断敏感性的局限性,诊断肺外结核(EPTB)仍然具有挑战性。本研究评估Xpert®结核分枝杆菌/利福平(MTB/RIF),一种核酸扩增试验,对EPTB标本的直接显微镜诊断性能。此外,我们比较了Xpert®MTB/RIF和MTB- dr加线探针法一线抗结核耐药性的检测。方法:从2022年1月至2023年4月,从印度Gorakhpur三级医院转诊的患者中收集2839例临床疑似EPTB标本。标本包括淋巴结抽吸液、胸膜液、脑脊液和组织活检,根据印度国家消除结核病计划规程进行处理。诊断评估采用显微镜(抗酸杆菌染色)、Xpert®MTB/RIF和MTB- dr +检测。结果:在2839份标本中,Xpert®MTB/RIF检出结核分枝杆菌339例(11.9%),显著优于显微镜检出结核分枝杆菌183例(6.4%)。最高的阳性率发生在组织活检和淋巴结抽吸(29%),而泌尿生殖系统结核发生率最低。在14例(4.13%)病例中发现利福平耐药,均经MTB-DR plus证实为耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)。结论:Xpert®MTB/RIF表现出优于显微镜的灵敏度,支持其在低资源环境下诊断EPTB的效用。耐多药结核病的高患病率(4.13%)强调需要快速分子诊断来指导治疗。然而,全球EPTB负担估计仍然不一致,因此需要标准化的监测和诊断方案,以提高检测准确性并为公共卫生战略提供信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Diagnostic Modalities for Detecting Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis and Resistance Patterns of Rifampicin and Isoniazid at a Referral Hospital: A Retro Prospective Study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, results in approximately 1.5 million annual deaths globally. Diagnosing extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) remains challenging due to the invasive nature of sample collection and limitations in conventional diagnostic sensitivity. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of Xpert®Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin (MTB/RIF), a nucleic acid amplification test, against direct microscopy for EPTB specimens. In addition, we compare the detection of first-line anti-tubercular drug resistance between Xpert® MTB/RIF and the MTB-DR plus line probe assay.

Methods: From January 2022, to April 2023, 2839 clinically suspected EPTB specimens were collected from patients referred to tertiary care hospitals in Gorakhpur, India. Specimens included lymph node aspirates, pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and tissue biopsies, processed according to the Indian National Tuberculosis Elimination Program protocols. Diagnostic evaluations employed microscopy (acid-fast bacilli staining), Xpert® MTB/RIF, and MTB-DR plus assays.

Results: Of 2839 specimens, Xpert® MTB/RIF detected M. tuberculosis in 339 cases (11.9%), significantly outperforming microscopy (183 cases, 6.4%). The highest positivity rates occurred in tissue biopsies and lymph node aspirates (29%), while genitourinary TB was least frequent. Rifampicin resistance was identified in 14 cases (4.13%), all confirmed as multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) by MTB-DR plus.

Conclusion: Xpert® MTB/RIF demonstrated superior sensitivity over microscopy, supporting its utility for EPTB diagnosis in low-resource settings. The high MDR-TB prevalence (4.13%) underscores the need for rapid molecular diagnostics to guide treatment. However, global EPTB burden estimates remain inconsistent, necessitating standardized surveillance and diagnostic protocols to improve detection accuracy and inform public health strategies.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
25.00%
发文量
62
审稿时长
7 weeks
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