Alyssa Hochberg, Nir Kugelman, Uri Amikam, Victoria Bleau, Tzippy Shochat, Eva Suarthana, William Buckett
{"title":"母乳喂养对体外受精冷冻胚胎移植周期治疗结果的影响。","authors":"Alyssa Hochberg, Nir Kugelman, Uri Amikam, Victoria Bleau, Tzippy Shochat, Eva Suarthana, William Buckett","doi":"10.1007/s10815-025-03556-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>While breastfeeding is known to impact unassisted conception, its effect on fertility treatment outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding on in-vitro fertilization (IVF) frozen embryo transfer (FET) outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study at a single, urban, Canadian Fertility center, including women who underwent an FET(2015-2023). Breastfeeding women (study group) were compared to non-breastfeeding controls, matched 1:1 for age, treatment protocol, and year. We compared outcomes between the two groups. Primary outcomes were pregnancy rate (PR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR),and live birth rate (LBR). Secondary outcomes included peak endometrial thickness prior to progesterone supplementation, biochemical PR and miscarriage rate. Multivariate logistic regression controlled for confounders. Two sub-analyses within the breastfeeding group examined treatment outcomes by breastfeeding duration (≤ 12 months; > 12 months) and prolactin levels (normal;elevated).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 118 women met inclusion criteria (59 breastfeeding, 59 controls). Breastfeeding women, compared to controls,were characterized by a younger median age at initial oocyte collection (34.8 years(31.9-37.11) vs. 35.85 years(33.2-39.2),p = 0.044); higher median parity (1(1-1) vs. 0(0-1), p < 0.0001);and higher rates of irregular cycles (35.59% vs. 18.64%,p = 0.016);and elevated prolactin levels (16.95% vs. 1.69%,p = 0.003). Utilizing multivariate logistic regression adjusting for breastfeeding status,parity, age at initial oocyte collection, and cycle regularity, only maternal age at oocyte collection was associated with PR (adjusted odds ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.75-0.94,p = 0.003). Both sub-analyses revealed similar PRs, CPRs and LBRs between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breastfeeding during an FET cycle was not associated with treatment outcomes, including PR,CPR, or LBR, providing cautious reassurance to physicians and patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The effect of breastfeeding on treatment outcomes in in-vitro fertilization frozen embryo transfer cycles.\",\"authors\":\"Alyssa Hochberg, Nir Kugelman, Uri Amikam, Victoria Bleau, Tzippy Shochat, Eva Suarthana, William Buckett\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10815-025-03556-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>While breastfeeding is known to impact unassisted conception, its effect on fertility treatment outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding on in-vitro fertilization (IVF) frozen embryo transfer (FET) outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study at a single, urban, Canadian Fertility center, including women who underwent an FET(2015-2023). Breastfeeding women (study group) were compared to non-breastfeeding controls, matched 1:1 for age, treatment protocol, and year. We compared outcomes between the two groups. Primary outcomes were pregnancy rate (PR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR),and live birth rate (LBR). Secondary outcomes included peak endometrial thickness prior to progesterone supplementation, biochemical PR and miscarriage rate. Multivariate logistic regression controlled for confounders. Two sub-analyses within the breastfeeding group examined treatment outcomes by breastfeeding duration (≤ 12 months; > 12 months) and prolactin levels (normal;elevated).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 118 women met inclusion criteria (59 breastfeeding, 59 controls). Breastfeeding women, compared to controls,were characterized by a younger median age at initial oocyte collection (34.8 years(31.9-37.11) vs. 35.85 years(33.2-39.2),p = 0.044); higher median parity (1(1-1) vs. 0(0-1), p < 0.0001);and higher rates of irregular cycles (35.59% vs. 18.64%,p = 0.016);and elevated prolactin levels (16.95% vs. 1.69%,p = 0.003). Utilizing multivariate logistic regression adjusting for breastfeeding status,parity, age at initial oocyte collection, and cycle regularity, only maternal age at oocyte collection was associated with PR (adjusted odds ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.75-0.94,p = 0.003). Both sub-analyses revealed similar PRs, CPRs and LBRs between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breastfeeding during an FET cycle was not associated with treatment outcomes, including PR,CPR, or LBR, providing cautious reassurance to physicians and patients.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15246,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-025-03556-9\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GENETICS & HEREDITY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-025-03556-9","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of breastfeeding on treatment outcomes in in-vitro fertilization frozen embryo transfer cycles.
Purpose: While breastfeeding is known to impact unassisted conception, its effect on fertility treatment outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding on in-vitro fertilization (IVF) frozen embryo transfer (FET) outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study at a single, urban, Canadian Fertility center, including women who underwent an FET(2015-2023). Breastfeeding women (study group) were compared to non-breastfeeding controls, matched 1:1 for age, treatment protocol, and year. We compared outcomes between the two groups. Primary outcomes were pregnancy rate (PR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR),and live birth rate (LBR). Secondary outcomes included peak endometrial thickness prior to progesterone supplementation, biochemical PR and miscarriage rate. Multivariate logistic regression controlled for confounders. Two sub-analyses within the breastfeeding group examined treatment outcomes by breastfeeding duration (≤ 12 months; > 12 months) and prolactin levels (normal;elevated).
Results: Overall, 118 women met inclusion criteria (59 breastfeeding, 59 controls). Breastfeeding women, compared to controls,were characterized by a younger median age at initial oocyte collection (34.8 years(31.9-37.11) vs. 35.85 years(33.2-39.2),p = 0.044); higher median parity (1(1-1) vs. 0(0-1), p < 0.0001);and higher rates of irregular cycles (35.59% vs. 18.64%,p = 0.016);and elevated prolactin levels (16.95% vs. 1.69%,p = 0.003). Utilizing multivariate logistic regression adjusting for breastfeeding status,parity, age at initial oocyte collection, and cycle regularity, only maternal age at oocyte collection was associated with PR (adjusted odds ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.75-0.94,p = 0.003). Both sub-analyses revealed similar PRs, CPRs and LBRs between groups.
Conclusions: Breastfeeding during an FET cycle was not associated with treatment outcomes, including PR,CPR, or LBR, providing cautious reassurance to physicians and patients.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics publishes cellular, molecular, genetic, and epigenetic discoveries advancing our understanding of the biology and underlying mechanisms from gametogenesis to offspring health. Special emphasis is placed on the practice and evolution of assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs) with reference to the diagnosis and management of diseases affecting fertility. Our goal is to educate our readership in the translation of basic and clinical discoveries made from human or relevant animal models to the safe and efficacious practice of human ARTs. The scientific rigor and ethical standards embraced by the JARG editorial team ensures a broad international base of expertise guiding the marriage of contemporary clinical research paradigms with basic science discovery. JARG publishes original papers, minireviews, case reports, and opinion pieces often combined into special topic issues that will educate clinicians and scientists with interests in the mechanisms of human development that bear on the treatment of infertility and emerging innovations in human ARTs. The guiding principles of male and female reproductive health impacting pre- and post-conceptional viability and developmental potential are emphasized within the purview of human reproductive health in current and future generations of our species.
The journal is published in cooperation with the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, an organization of more than 8,000 physicians, researchers, nurses, technicians and other professionals dedicated to advancing knowledge and expertise in reproductive biology.
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