How should we assess fiscal policies in response to emerging development challenges?

This paper examines the impact of government fiscal policies on people's living standards. Every government policy generates both winners and losers. This paper aims to address key questions, such as: Who should be considered the losers, and who should be the winners? What guiding principles should be used to determine these groups? How can we identify fiscal policies that will most effectively enhance people's living standards and overall well-being? These are the developmental challenges governments face in both developed and developing countries. Additionally, this paper analyzes relevant tools that can be used to evaluate various components of fiscal systems. Such assessments are essential for formulating fiscal policies that significantly affect people's quality of life. Finally, the paper discusses the challenges associated with assessing fiscal systems.