Jianguo Wang, Junling Qu, Binbin Wang, Ruixuan Yi, Liang Fang, Like Shui, Zhonglin Xie, Chenyang Zhao, Jie Wang, Jianlin Zhao, Xuetao Gan
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Second-Harmonic and Sum-Frequency Generation in Silicon Nitride Photonics Integrated with Cadmium Sulfide Nanowire
We demonstrate second-order (χ(2)) nonlinear responses including second-harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) from the silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides by deterministically incorporating χ(2)-active subwavelength CdS nanowires (NWs) inside them, addressing the χ(2) deficiency of the SiN for being centrosymmetric. By engineering the dimensions of the hybrid CdS NW-SiN waveguide, we achieved modal phase-matching for SHG, yielding conversion efficiencies of 0.76% W–1 from a stripe waveguide. By implanting a microring resonator configuration, ∼ 100 times higher conversion efficiencies of them were obtained. Finally, using the χ(2)-based optical wave-mixing of the hybrid waveguide, we explored its use as an autocorrelator for the on-chip measurement of the ultrafast laser pulse duration and achieved a result only 4% deviated from that of a commercial product. This hybrid CdS NW-SiN waveguide strategy solved the lack of the χ(2)-related functionalities of the SiN waveguide platform and paves the way for its applications in integrated nonlinear photonics.
期刊介绍:
Published as soon as accepted and summarized in monthly issues, ACS Photonics will publish Research Articles, Letters, Perspectives, and Reviews, to encompass the full scope of published research in this field.