[MATERNAL MORTALITY IN ISRAEL - ACHIEVEMENTS AND ONGOING CHALLENGES].

Introduction: Israel has one of the lowest maternal mortality rates globally, at 2.6 per 100,000 births. Most deaths occur between the late second trimester and the postpartum period, primarily due to obstetric complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, and amniotic fluid embolism. Unlike the U.S.A., where leading causes include violence and substance abuse, maternal deaths in Israel are predominantly obstetric. A major challenge is distinguishing between preventable and non-preventable deaths. Research suggests that more than 60% of maternal deaths could be avoided with better diagnosis, timely intervention, and improved emergency response. Severe maternal morbidity often serves as a precursor to mortality, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention. Postpartum hemorrhage, a leading cause of preventable maternal deaths, demonstrates how structured protocols, rapid response systems, and better coordination among medical teams can significantly reduce mortality. In contrast, amniotic fluid embolism remains largely unpredictable and untreatable, highlighting the current limits of medical intervention and the urgent need to intensify research into its underlying mechanisms and potential therapies. Despite Israel's achievements, further reductions in maternal mortality may still be possible. Strengthening medical training, improving emergency responses, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration could save lives. Every preventable death underscores the need for continuous improvement in maternal care.