Analysis of the efficacy of paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab intraperitoneal instillation in common gastrointestinal malignant peritoneal effusions and screening of prognostic indicators.

Background: This study investigates the efficacy of paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab in the treatment of malignant gastrointestinal tumors with malignant ascites and screens for biomarkers that predict efficacy.

Research design and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling 92 eligible patients who received either paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab or paclitaxel monotherapy. Efficacy was assessed, and biomarkers predictive of treatment efficacy were screened using indicators such as disease control rate, objective response rate, LA, LDH, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratios.

Results: The disease control rate (91.18%) and objective response rate (61.76%) in both the treatment group and the control group were significantly better than those in the control group. In the treatment group, non-PD group, and remission group, LA and LDH levels decreased significantly with increasing number of treatments, while the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio increased significantly. There was no significant difference between the control group and the non-relief group after treatment. The trend of changes after PD treatment was opposite to that mentioned above. There was no statistically significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the combination of paclitaxel and bevacizumab is more effective and that LA, LDH, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ can predict treatment efficacy.