Design an Efficient Meta-Heuristic Chameleon Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Mutual Coupling Reduction in Slotted Fractal MIMO Antenna

Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output have become fundamental components of wireless communication systems owing to their powerful beamforming capabilities and fast data rates. However, the compact design required for wireless systems leads to closely spaced antenna elements in multiple-input and multiple-output systems, resulting in mutual coupling that degrades total system performance. This study presents a decoupling method based on the Chameleon Swarm Optimization Algorithm to reduce mutual coupling between two densely packed Slotted Fractal multiple-input and multiple-output antenna, while maintaining low correlation between elements. Each element in the proposed antennas has a size of 26 × 35.5 × 3.2 mm³ and is made of FR4 substrate material with a center frequency of 4.55 GHz. The Envelope Correlation Coefficient is reduced to 0.03 by lowering the mutual coupling denoted by S₁₂ to less than −44 dB with the support of the Chameleon Swarm Optimization Algorithm and improved gain of 8.17 dBi. The developed MIMO antenna is optimized for sub-6 GHz 5 G applications, specifically covering bands n77, n78, and n79. The design is evaluated using MATLAB Software for antenna design and optimization process.