Optimal energy-saving operation strategy of 5G base station with communication caching

To further explore the energy-saving potential of 5 G base stations, this paper proposes an energy-saving operation model for 5 G base stations that incorporates communication caching and linearization techniques. Firstly, in terms of energy equipment, the electrical component characteristics of the 5 G base station’s constituent units are modeled, including air conditioning loads, power supply systems, and energy storage systems. Secondly, with respect to communication equipment, the relationship between equipment power consumption and communication traffic is quantified, and a communication flow model incorporating caching technology is constructed. Finally, an energy-saving operation model is developed, which couples the energy equipment and communication equipment, and is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed model effectively integrates the characteristics of electrical components and data flow, enhancing energy efficiency while satisfying user communication demands, thus contributing to the energy-saving goals of 5 G base stations.