Digital technologies for monitoring hazardous area entry in construction sites

Construction sites are among the most hazardous occupational environments, making effective monitoring systems for hazardous area entry essential to prevent fatalities and severe injuries. Despite a growing body of research on advanced monitoring technologies, a systematic review remains necessary. Utilizing the PRISMA methodology, this paper analyzes 81 peer-reviewed articles, categorizing hazardous area entry scenarios into three distinct patterns: personnel entry into static hazards, interactions with dynamic hazards, and overlapping multi-equipment operations. The findings highlight prominent digital technologies, with computer vision (CV), Internet of Things (IoT), and integrated solutions representing 37 %, 42 %, and 21 % of the reviewed articles, respectively. Additionally, the analysis identifies several challenges, including limitations of current CV and IoT technologies and difficulties in deploying these solutions under dynamic construction conditions. The study outlines opportunities to enhance system intelligence, refine deployment strategies, and better integrate safety training, guiding future advancements in construction safety monitoring, particularly regarding hazardous area entry.