A centralized discovery-based method for integrating Data Distribution Service and Time-Sensitive Networking for In-Vehicle Networks

As the Electronic and Electrical Architecture (E/EA) of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles (ICVs) evolves, traditional distributed and signal-oriented architectures are being replaced by centralized, Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA). This new generation of E/EA demands In-Vehicle Networks (IVNs) that offer high bandwidth, real-time performance, reliability, and service orientation. Data Distribution Service (DDS) and Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) are increasingly adopted to address these requirements. However, research on the integrated deployment of DDS and TSN in automotive applications is still in its infancy. This paper presents a DDS over TSN communication architecture based on the centralized discovery architecture. First, a lightweight DDS implementation (FastDDS-lw) is developed for resource-constrained in-vehicle devices. Next, a DDS Flow Identification Algorithm (DFIA) based on the centralized discovery architecture is introduced to identify potential DDS flows automatically during the discovery phase. Finally, the DDS over TSN communication architecture, incorporating FastDDS-lw and DFIA, is designed. Experimental results show that the DDS over TSN architecture significantly reduces end-to-end latency and jitter for critical DDS flows compared to traditional Ethernet. Additionally, the DDS over TSN architecture provides automated network scheduling and network configuration to handle the addition, removal, and modification of DDS flows in IVNs.