CFD optimised solar powered IoT integrated paddlewheel aerator for sustainable shrimp farming – A review

The present study reviews the research and development efforts aimed at improving paddlewheel aerator performance and energy efficiency in intensive shrimp farming in Asia. It examines previous studies to improve oxygen transfer efficiency through experimental design and operational parameters optimization, as well as the use of the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method for paddlewheel design improvement. The review also covers the automation of the paddlewheel aerators by integrating Internet of Things (IoT) systems for real-time control based on dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in the shrimp ponds. Additionally, it explores the use of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to reduce the reliance on grid electricity and energy consumption. However, there is a need for comprehensive research that combines CFD-based paddlewheel aerator design, IoT technology integration, and the use of solar power to improve the real-time performance and energy efficiency of commercially available paddlewheel aerators use for sustainability of semi-intensive and intensive shrimp farming in Asia. The evaluation of these system's ability to adapt in real-time to changing environmental conditions via IoT feedback has not been substantially studied in the literature. The culmination of these technologies offers a significant possibility to improve the efficiency of paddlewheel aerators, sustainability and profitability of shrimp farming operations while lowering the input costs and minimizing the environmental effects.