{"title":"1型和2型糖尿病患者与健康对照者肠道微生物组成、血清炎症标志物和粪便短链脂肪酸的比较：一项病例对照研究","authors":"Hossein Yarmohammadi, Masood Soltanipur, Mahdi Rezaei, Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed, Maedeh Raei, Alireza Razavi, Seyed Mohsen Mirhosseini, Mehrangiz Zangeneh, Delaram Doroud, Abolfazl Fateh, Seyedalireza Seyed Siamdoust, Seyed Davar Siadat","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70071","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>This study aimed to compare the gut microbiome (GM) composition, serum inflammatory markers and faecal short-chain fatty acids among individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>This case–control study examined 49 subjects with type 2 DM, 21 with type 1 DM and 40 healthy controls. Blood and faecal samples were collected. Serum inflammatory markers, including CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Bacterial populations were quantified using RT-qPCR and NGS. Faecal metabolites were analysed using gas chromatography.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Simpson's alpha diversity was higher among types 1 and 2 DM than in the control. The frequency of the bacterial genera <i>Gemmiger</i>, <i>Dorea</i>, <i>Collinsella</i>, <i>Escherichia/Shigella</i>, <i>Dialister</i>, <i>Coprococcus</i>, <i>Achromobacter</i>, <i>Intestinimonas</i> and <i>Allisonella</i> in type 2 DM was higher than in the control, and the frequency of the genera <i>Romboutsia</i> and <i>Clostridium</i> was decreased in type 2 DM. The frequency of the <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i> and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> genera in type 1 DM was lower than in the other groups. Acetate, propionate and butyrate levels were significantly higher in type 2 DM patients compared to the other groups. Participants with diabetes had significantly higher hs-CRP, IL1-β, TNF, IL-6 and IFG levels compared to the controls. Compared to healthy controls, both T1DM and T2DM patients showed a significant increase in the abundance of the <i>Lactobacillus</i> genus (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and a decrease in <i>Faecalibacterium</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Additionally, serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly elevated in T2DM patients (<i>p</i> = 0.003 and <i>p</i> = 0.005, respectively). Faecal levels of butyrate were significantly reduced in both diabetic groups compared to the controls (<i>p</i> = 0.004).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>By determining the GM alterations in patients with diabetes, interventional strategies could be designed to modulate the GM composition as an adjunctive therapy in diabetes.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70071","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Comparison of the Gut Microbiome Composition, Serum Inflammatory Markers and Faecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Individuals With Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Healthy Controls: A Case–Control Study\",\"authors\":\"Hossein Yarmohammadi, Masood Soltanipur, Mahdi Rezaei, Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed, Maedeh Raei, Alireza Razavi, Seyed Mohsen Mirhosseini, Mehrangiz Zangeneh, Delaram Doroud, Abolfazl Fateh, Seyedalireza Seyed Siamdoust, Seyed Davar Siadat\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/edm2.70071\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>This study aimed to compare the gut microbiome (GM) composition, serum inflammatory markers and faecal short-chain fatty acids among individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>This case–control study examined 49 subjects with type 2 DM, 21 with type 1 DM and 40 healthy controls. Blood and faecal samples were collected. Serum inflammatory markers, including CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Bacterial populations were quantified using RT-qPCR and NGS. Faecal metabolites were analysed using gas chromatography.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Simpson's alpha diversity was higher among types 1 and 2 DM than in the control. The frequency of the bacterial genera <i>Gemmiger</i>, <i>Dorea</i>, <i>Collinsella</i>, <i>Escherichia/Shigella</i>, <i>Dialister</i>, <i>Coprococcus</i>, <i>Achromobacter</i>, <i>Intestinimonas</i> and <i>Allisonella</i> in type 2 DM was higher than in the control, and the frequency of the genera <i>Romboutsia</i> and <i>Clostridium</i> was decreased in type 2 DM. The frequency of the <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i> and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> genera in type 1 DM was lower than in the other groups. Acetate, propionate and butyrate levels were significantly higher in type 2 DM patients compared to the other groups. Participants with diabetes had significantly higher hs-CRP, IL1-β, TNF, IL-6 and IFG levels compared to the controls. Compared to healthy controls, both T1DM and T2DM patients showed a significant increase in the abundance of the <i>Lactobacillus</i> genus (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and a decrease in <i>Faecalibacterium</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Additionally, serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly elevated in T2DM patients (<i>p</i> = 0.003 and <i>p</i> = 0.005, respectively). Faecal levels of butyrate were significantly reduced in both diabetic groups compared to the controls (<i>p</i> = 0.004).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>By determining the GM alterations in patients with diabetes, interventional strategies could be designed to modulate the GM composition as an adjunctive therapy in diabetes.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":36522,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism\",\"volume\":\"8 4\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70071\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/edm2.70071\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/edm2.70071","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Comparison of the Gut Microbiome Composition, Serum Inflammatory Markers and Faecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Individuals With Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Healthy Controls: A Case–Control Study
Background
This study aimed to compare the gut microbiome (GM) composition, serum inflammatory markers and faecal short-chain fatty acids among individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls.
Methods
This case–control study examined 49 subjects with type 2 DM, 21 with type 1 DM and 40 healthy controls. Blood and faecal samples were collected. Serum inflammatory markers, including CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Bacterial populations were quantified using RT-qPCR and NGS. Faecal metabolites were analysed using gas chromatography.
Results
Simpson's alpha diversity was higher among types 1 and 2 DM than in the control. The frequency of the bacterial genera Gemmiger, Dorea, Collinsella, Escherichia/Shigella, Dialister, Coprococcus, Achromobacter, Intestinimonas and Allisonella in type 2 DM was higher than in the control, and the frequency of the genera Romboutsia and Clostridium was decreased in type 2 DM. The frequency of the Prevotella, Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium genera in type 1 DM was lower than in the other groups. Acetate, propionate and butyrate levels were significantly higher in type 2 DM patients compared to the other groups. Participants with diabetes had significantly higher hs-CRP, IL1-β, TNF, IL-6 and IFG levels compared to the controls. Compared to healthy controls, both T1DM and T2DM patients showed a significant increase in the abundance of the Lactobacillus genus (p = 0.01) and a decrease in Faecalibacterium (p = 0.02). Additionally, serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly elevated in T2DM patients (p = 0.003 and p = 0.005, respectively). Faecal levels of butyrate were significantly reduced in both diabetic groups compared to the controls (p = 0.004).
Conclusion
By determining the GM alterations in patients with diabetes, interventional strategies could be designed to modulate the GM composition as an adjunctive therapy in diabetes.
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