Nomenclatural and Taxonomic Notes on Brazilian Species of Chaetogastra (Melastomataceae)*

Chaetogastra DC. is a genus of Melastomataceae widely distributed in the Neotropical region and with an important center of endemism in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, especially in the southern and southeastern areas. To prepare a taxonomic treatment for the genus in Brazil, we consulted a wide range of herbarium specimens, including types. We propose here some nomenclatural adjustments including one new name, two new statuses, four new combinations, nine lectotypifications, and thirteen new synonyms. For each species, we present lists of selected specimens as a reference for comparison, so that curators can identify them in herbaria, besides information on geographic distribution and phenology. These taxonomic and nomenclatural adjustments are necessary for updating the genus Chaetogastra in one of the main databases on Brazilian plant species, the “Flora e Funga do Brasil”.