GM-CSF在乳腺癌中的双重作用:免疫调节和治疗意义。

IF 5.5 2区 医学 Q1 HEMATOLOGY
Yuxuan Guo , Yingya Hu , Da Huang , Jiangnan Yang , Shujun Fu , Xiyun Deng , Jun Long , Jie Wang , Yian Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)是一种由免疫细胞和非免疫细胞分泌的造血生长因子。GM-CSF通过与靶细胞表面的特异性受体结合,促进造血,激活免疫细胞,调节炎症反应,参与组织修复,调节抗肿瘤免疫。乳腺癌是全世界妇女中最常见的恶性肿瘤,也是女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因。乳腺癌的发病机制复杂,肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment, TME)在疾病的发生和发展中起着关键作用。TME包括恶性肿瘤细胞、免疫细胞和基质细胞,其中恶性细胞的致癌突变驱动癌变,并通过细胞间通讯分子(如细胞因子、趋化因子和细胞外囊泡)重塑周围非恶性细胞的功能,从而促进或抑制肿瘤进展。GM-CSF除了对肿瘤细胞的直接作用外,在TME中还表现出双重作用:一方面,它通过激活免疫细胞,增强抗原递呈能力,提高肿瘤疫苗的有效性来发挥抗肿瘤免疫作用;另一方面,它可能促进肿瘤相关巨噬细胞、肿瘤相关中性粒细胞和髓源性抑制细胞的活化,从而抑制免疫反应,促进肿瘤的生长和转移。本文基于GM-CSF的结构和生物学功能系统地总结了其在乳腺癌进展中的调节作用,并通过多种策略(包括疫苗开发、联合治疗和基于纳米颗粒的递送系统)探索了其治疗潜力。这些见解可能为GM-CSF未来的机制研究和临床应用提供新的视角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dual roles of GM-CSF in breast cancer: Immunomodulation and therapeutic implications
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor secreted by immune and non-immune cells. By binding to specific receptors on target cell surfaces, GM-CSF promotes hematopoiesis, activates immune cells, modulates inflammatory responses, participates in tissue repair, and regulating anti-tumor immunity. Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in females. The pathogenesis of breast cancer is complex, with the tumor microenvironment (TME) playing a pivotal role in disease initiation and progression. The TME comprises malignant tumor cells, immune cells, and stromal cells, where oncogenic mutations in malignant cells drive carcinogenesis and reprogram the functionality of surrounding non-malignant cells through intercellular communication molecules, such as cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles, thereby promoting or suppressing tumor progression. Beyond its direct effects on tumor cells, GM-CSF exhibits dual roles in the TME: On one hand, it exerts anti-tumor immune effects by activating immune cells, enhancing antigen presentation capacity, and improving tumor vaccine efficacy; on the other hand, it may promote the activation of tumor-associated macrophages, tumor-associated neutrophils, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, thereby suppressing immune responses and facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. This review systematically summarizes the regulatory roles of GM-CSF in breast cancer progression based on its structure and biological functions, and explores its therapeutic potential through various strategies including vaccine development, combination therapies, and nanoparticle-based delivery systems. These insights may provide novel perspectives for future mechanistic investigations and clinical applications of GM-CSF.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.20%
发文量
213
审稿时长
55 days
期刊介绍: Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology publishes scholarly, critical reviews in all fields of oncology and hematology written by experts from around the world. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology is the Official Journal of the European School of Oncology (ESO) and the International Society of Liquid Biopsy.
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