Mohamed Taibi, Amine Elbouzidi, Nour Eddine Bentouhami, Mounir Haddou, Abdellah Baraich, Yousra Hammouti, Yousra Belbachir, Reda Bellaouchi, Ramzi A Mothana, Mohammed F Hawwal, Abdeslam Asehraou, Salwa Karboune, Mohamed Addi, Bouchra El Guerrouj, Khalid Chaabane
{"title":"羊角草和麝香精油皮肤保护特性的评价：植物化学分析、抗弹性酶、抗酪氨酸酶、光保护活性和对皮肤致病菌株的抗菌潜力。","authors":"Mohamed Taibi, Amine Elbouzidi, Nour Eddine Bentouhami, Mounir Haddou, Abdellah Baraich, Yousra Hammouti, Yousra Belbachir, Reda Bellaouchi, Ramzi A Mothana, Mohammed F Hawwal, Abdeslam Asehraou, Salwa Karboune, Mohamed Addi, Bouchra El Guerrouj, Khalid Chaabane","doi":"10.1111/srt.70191","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The growing demand on natural ingredients in cosmetics has immensely contributed to a renewed interest in cosmetic industry in plant derivatives, especially essential oils. The aim of this study is to examine the dermatoprotective and antifungal properties of Clinopodium nepeta (CNEO) and Thymus vulgaris (TVEO) essential oils.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to identify the chemical composition of the essential oils. Anti-elastase and anti-tyrosinase activities were evaluated using standard enzymatic inhibition assays, and IC<sub>50</sub> values were calculated. Photoprotective properties were determined using in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) calculations. Antifungal and antibacterial activities were assessed using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 13 compounds in CNEO, mainly oxygenated monoterpenes (91.9%) with pulegone (42.3%) as the main component, and 25 compounds in TVEO, with α-terpineol (19.8%) and carvacrol (13.5%) as the dominant compounds. CNEO showed superior anti-elastase activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 13.55 ± 0.81 µg/mL) compared with TVEO (IC<sub>50</sub> = 28.40 ± 2.64 µg/mL). Both oils demonstrated significant anti-tyrosinase effects, with CNEO showing greater efficacy in inhibiting monophenolase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 36.71 ± 4.09 µg/mL) and diphenolase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 22.77 ± 0.97 µg/mL) than TVEO. SPF calculations revealed notable photoprotective properties for both oils, with CNEO (SPF = 6.472) slightly outperforming TVEO (SPF = 5.640). Antifungal tests against C. albicans and C. glabrata, and antibacterial tests against M. luteus and S. aureus showed that both oils possess strong antifungal and antibacterial activities, with CNEO demonstrating superior efficacy (MIC = 0.50 ± 0.00% v/v for both Candida strains) compared with TVEO (MIC = 0.011 ± 0.00% v/v for both Candida strains).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the dermatoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of CNEO and confirms the potential of TVEO in cosmetic, antifungal, and antibacterial applications. The results suggest that these essential oils could serve as promising natural ingredients in dermatoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21746,"journal":{"name":"Skin Research and Technology","volume":"31 6","pages":"e70191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165951/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Evaluation of the Dermatoprotective Properties of Clinopodium nepeta and Thymus vulgaris Essential Oils: Phytochemical Analysis, Anti-Elastase, Anti-Tyrosinase, Photoprotective Activities, and Antimicrobial Potential Against Dermatopathogenic Strains.\",\"authors\":\"Mohamed Taibi, Amine Elbouzidi, Nour Eddine Bentouhami, Mounir Haddou, Abdellah Baraich, Yousra Hammouti, Yousra Belbachir, Reda Bellaouchi, Ramzi A Mothana, Mohammed F Hawwal, Abdeslam Asehraou, Salwa Karboune, Mohamed Addi, Bouchra El Guerrouj, Khalid Chaabane\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/srt.70191\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The growing demand on natural ingredients in cosmetics has immensely contributed to a renewed interest in cosmetic industry in plant derivatives, especially essential oils. The aim of this study is to examine the dermatoprotective and antifungal properties of Clinopodium nepeta (CNEO) and Thymus vulgaris (TVEO) essential oils.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to identify the chemical composition of the essential oils. Anti-elastase and anti-tyrosinase activities were evaluated using standard enzymatic inhibition assays, and IC<sub>50</sub> values were calculated. Photoprotective properties were determined using in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) calculations. Antifungal and antibacterial activities were assessed using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 13 compounds in CNEO, mainly oxygenated monoterpenes (91.9%) with pulegone (42.3%) as the main component, and 25 compounds in TVEO, with α-terpineol (19.8%) and carvacrol (13.5%) as the dominant compounds. CNEO showed superior anti-elastase activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 13.55 ± 0.81 µg/mL) compared with TVEO (IC<sub>50</sub> = 28.40 ± 2.64 µg/mL). Both oils demonstrated significant anti-tyrosinase effects, with CNEO showing greater efficacy in inhibiting monophenolase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 36.71 ± 4.09 µg/mL) and diphenolase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 22.77 ± 0.97 µg/mL) than TVEO. SPF calculations revealed notable photoprotective properties for both oils, with CNEO (SPF = 6.472) slightly outperforming TVEO (SPF = 5.640). Antifungal tests against C. albicans and C. glabrata, and antibacterial tests against M. luteus and S. aureus showed that both oils possess strong antifungal and antibacterial activities, with CNEO demonstrating superior efficacy (MIC = 0.50 ± 0.00% v/v for both Candida strains) compared with TVEO (MIC = 0.011 ± 0.00% v/v for both Candida strains).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the dermatoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of CNEO and confirms the potential of TVEO in cosmetic, antifungal, and antibacterial applications. The results suggest that these essential oils could serve as promising natural ingredients in dermatoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial formulations.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21746,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Skin Research and Technology\",\"volume\":\"31 6\",\"pages\":\"e70191\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165951/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Skin Research and Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/srt.70191\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"DERMATOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Skin Research and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/srt.70191","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DERMATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Evaluation of the Dermatoprotective Properties of Clinopodium nepeta and Thymus vulgaris Essential Oils: Phytochemical Analysis, Anti-Elastase, Anti-Tyrosinase, Photoprotective Activities, and Antimicrobial Potential Against Dermatopathogenic Strains.
Background: The growing demand on natural ingredients in cosmetics has immensely contributed to a renewed interest in cosmetic industry in plant derivatives, especially essential oils. The aim of this study is to examine the dermatoprotective and antifungal properties of Clinopodium nepeta (CNEO) and Thymus vulgaris (TVEO) essential oils.
Materials and methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to identify the chemical composition of the essential oils. Anti-elastase and anti-tyrosinase activities were evaluated using standard enzymatic inhibition assays, and IC50 values were calculated. Photoprotective properties were determined using in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) calculations. Antifungal and antibacterial activities were assessed using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Results: GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 13 compounds in CNEO, mainly oxygenated monoterpenes (91.9%) with pulegone (42.3%) as the main component, and 25 compounds in TVEO, with α-terpineol (19.8%) and carvacrol (13.5%) as the dominant compounds. CNEO showed superior anti-elastase activity (IC50 = 13.55 ± 0.81 µg/mL) compared with TVEO (IC50 = 28.40 ± 2.64 µg/mL). Both oils demonstrated significant anti-tyrosinase effects, with CNEO showing greater efficacy in inhibiting monophenolase (IC50 = 36.71 ± 4.09 µg/mL) and diphenolase (IC50 = 22.77 ± 0.97 µg/mL) than TVEO. SPF calculations revealed notable photoprotective properties for both oils, with CNEO (SPF = 6.472) slightly outperforming TVEO (SPF = 5.640). Antifungal tests against C. albicans and C. glabrata, and antibacterial tests against M. luteus and S. aureus showed that both oils possess strong antifungal and antibacterial activities, with CNEO demonstrating superior efficacy (MIC = 0.50 ± 0.00% v/v for both Candida strains) compared with TVEO (MIC = 0.011 ± 0.00% v/v for both Candida strains).
Conclusion: This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the dermatoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of CNEO and confirms the potential of TVEO in cosmetic, antifungal, and antibacterial applications. The results suggest that these essential oils could serve as promising natural ingredients in dermatoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial formulations.
期刊介绍：
Skin Research and Technology is a clinically-oriented journal on biophysical methods and imaging techniques and how they are used in dermatology, cosmetology and plastic surgery for noninvasive quantification of skin structure and functions. Papers are invited on the development and validation of methods and their application in the characterization of diseased, abnormal and normal skin.
Topics include blood flow, colorimetry, thermography, evaporimetry, epidermal humidity, desquamation, profilometry, skin mechanics, epiluminiscence microscopy, high-frequency ultrasonography, confocal microscopy, digital imaging, image analysis and computerized evaluation and magnetic resonance. Noninvasive biochemical methods (such as lipids, keratin and tissue water) and the instrumental evaluation of cytological and histological samples are also covered.
The journal has a wide scope and aims to link scientists, clinical researchers and technicians through original articles, communications, editorials and commentaries, letters, reviews, announcements and news. Contributions should be clear, experimentally sound and novel.
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