A Comprehensive Review of Solar Panel Performance Degradation and Adaptive Mitigation Strategies

This paper presents a comprehensive review of solar panel performance degradation in both industrial and residential sectors. Drawing on a wide range of academic studies, the paper systematically analyses the key factors affecting the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems to provide in-depth understanding of degradation mechanisms along with effective countermeasures. These factors include the selection and properties of the materials used in PV panel manufacturing, changes in environmental conditions, the inherent degradation rate of materials and user behaviour. The paper aims to comprehensively reveal the mechanisms by which environmental and human factors contribute to PV panel performance degradation, assess their impact on the operational efficiency of the power systems and explore feasible adaptive solutions to mitigate or restore PV system performance. The paper also incorporates a technical framework aligned with the IEC 61850 standard and provides constructive recommendations for enhancing the efficiency and reliability of renewable power systems.

The paper holds substantial theoretical and practical significance. At a macro level, it contributes to reducing the overall cost of PV energy production while minimising investment in equipment maintenance and human resources. At a micro level, it enhances the utilisation efficiency and basic performance of PV systems. The recommendations of this paper not only support the sustainable growth of the renewable energy industry but also facilitate the synergistic expansion of the upstream and downstream industrial chain, fostering new employment opportunities and business potential. For individual users, businesses and the public sector, the paper provides a robust scientific foundation for developing future energy strategies with practical insights to advance global sustainable development goals.