Novel Mouth Rinse Displaying Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Properties: An in vitro Study.

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease requiring effective anti-inflammatory treatments. Nano-silver and essential oils have shown potential due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Combining these agents offers a promising therapeutic approach. This study investigated the cy-totoxic and anti-inflammatory properties of a novel essential oil compound contain-ing nanosilver using HaCaT and THP-1 human leukemia monocytic cell lines.

Materials and methods: Neutral red uptake (NRU) assay was used to assess cyto-toxicity and ELISA to evaluate the inflammatory cytokines. The test compound was compared to 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX). Cytotoxicity was determined in HaCaT and THP-1 cell lines using NRU assay. TNF-α expression was measured us-ing ELISA, and COX-2 inhibition assay was performed.

Results: Cytotoxicity of the test compound was nearly absent. TNF-α levels de-creased in positive control (2.81pg/ml) and test samples (1.30 pg/ml) compared to control (22.04pg/ml). COX-2 inhibition assay revealed test compound (0-20%) and positive control (0-100%), with 25 μM celecoxib as a standard. IC50 for HaCaT cells was 0.6334% (positive control) and 0.6051% (test group). IC50 using THP-1 cells was not converged for the test and 424.6% for positive control. IC-50 for COX-2 inhibition was 1.469% in the test and 8.801% in the positive control.

Discussion: This study showed the possibility of novel essential oils and nano-sil-ver-containing compounds as a medication material in preventing gingivitis. The cy-totoxicity was negligible, while the level of TNF- α was much decreased, and COX-2 activity assays indicated its efficiency in anti-inflammatory properties. The results encourage the therapeutic potential of the compound for periodontitis, and further studies are required to demonstrate therapeutic efficiency and safety.

Conclusion: Results demonstrate the inhibitory effect of the test compound on COX-2 activity. The potential of a novel test compound containing essential oils and nano-silver as a promising anti-inflammatory agent warrants further investigation for its therapeutic applications in periodontitis.