怀孕、育儿和杀虫剂:了解坦桑尼亚小规模园艺中妇女和儿童的健康风险。

IF 2.4 2区 医学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE
William Nelson Mwakalasya, Ana Lorena Ruano, Simon Henry Mamuya, Bente Elisabeth Moen, Aiwerasia Vera Ngowi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

妇女在世界范围内的农业中发挥着重要作用,特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲,她们在园艺劳动力中占很大比例。园艺工作可能使妇女在怀孕和育儿期间接触农药,对妇女和儿童构成严重的健康风险。本研究探讨了坦桑尼亚从事小型园艺工作的妇女在怀孕和育儿期间的经历,以了解暴露风险并提出加强安全的干预措施。运用计划行为框架理论,对年龄在20岁出头至40岁中期的女性进行了5次焦点小组讨论。采用归纳主题分析法对fgd进行分析。我们发现,从理论上讲,园艺中的性别角色将农药喷洒分配给男性,而女性通常处理较轻的任务。然而,当没有男人的时候,妇女,即使怀孕了,也要承担所有的责任,包括喷洒杀虫剂。经济压力迫使许多妇女在怀孕和产后工作,有时把婴儿带到园艺环境中。尽管妇女报告了一些保护措施,但由于缺乏关于农药使用的正式培训,安全措施仍然不足。因此,传统的性别角色、贫困和农药接触交织在一起,给从事小规模园艺的妇女带来了职业健康挑战。缺乏以妇女为中心的农药安全培训增加了妇女及其子女的健康风险。这项研究建议对性别问题有敏感认识的保健培训,改善获得防护装备的机会,并增强妇女的经济权能,以帮助减少这些风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Pregnancy, Childcare, and Pesticides: Understanding the Health Risks of Women and Children in Small-Scale Horticulture in Tanzania.

Women play a significant role in agriculture worldwide, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where they form a large share of the workforce in horticulture. Horticulture work may expose women to pesticides during pregnancy and childcare, posing serious health risks to women and children. This study explores the experiences of women working in small-scale horticulture in Tanzania during pregnancy and childcare, to understand exposure risks and suggest safety-enhancing interventions. Using the theory of planned behavior framework, five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with women aged from early 20s to mid-40s. The inductive thematic analysis was used for the analysis of the FGDs. We found that gendered roles in horticulture theoretically assign pesticide spraying to men, with women typically handling lighter tasks. However, when men are unavailable, women, even when pregnant, take on all duties, including pesticide spraying. Financial pressures force many women to work during pregnancy and postpartum, sometimes bringing infants into the horticulture environments. Despite some protective efforts reported by women, inadequate safety practices persist due to a lack of formal training on pesticide use. Therefore, traditional gender roles, poverty, and pesticide exposure intersect to create an occupational health challenge for women in small-scale horticulture. The absence of women-centered training on pesticide safety increases health risks both for women and their children. This study recommends gender-sensitive health training, improved access to protective equipment, and economic empowerment for women to help reduce these risks.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
6.20%
发文量
109
期刊介绍: QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH is an international, interdisciplinary, refereed journal for the enhancement of health care and to further the development and understanding of qualitative research methods in health care settings. We welcome manuscripts in the following areas: the description and analysis of the illness experience, health and health-seeking behaviors, the experiences of caregivers, the sociocultural organization of health care, health care policy, and related topics. We also seek critical reviews and commentaries addressing conceptual, theoretical, methodological, and ethical issues pertaining to qualitative enquiry.
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