Tracheal squamous cell carcinoma treated with tracheal resection and anastomosis in a dog.

A 9-year-old spayed female Labrador retriever was presented with intermittent expiratory cough and dyspnea unresponsive to prednisone and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Radiographic and computed tomographic examinations identified a localized dorsal intraluminal tracheal wall mass without detectable locoregional metastasis, leading to surgical resection and anastomosis of the affected tracheal segment. Histopathological analysis confirmed the mass as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with clear lateral and deep skeletal muscle margins. Monitoring after surgery, rather than adjuvant therapy, was elected by the dog's owner. The dog recovered with no complications noted and was in a state of clinical remission at the final in-hospital evaluation (3 mo after surgery). This case represents the second documented instance of canine tracheal SCC treated successfully with surgery. It underscores the potential for surgical intervention as a viable treatment option, potentially improving prognosis and survival outcomes in dogs affected by tracheal SCC. Regular evaluations and serial imaging examinations are recommended to monitor for recurrence and ensure long-term clinical remission. Key clinical message: This case marks the first documented tracheal resection and anastomosis as treatment for canine tracheal SCC and only the second reported tracheal SCC in a dog. Despite the typical negative outcomes associated with this SCC, the dog in this report achieved clinical remission without the need for chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Surgical intervention may be a viable treatment option for tracheal SCC, potentially improving prognosis and survival outcomes in affected dogs.