MOF-Based Composite Materials for Supercapacitors: Design, Performance, and Challenges.

Composite materials based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are appealing materials for supercapacitor electrodes because of their high specific surface area, large pore volume, and range of adjustable topologies. This review paper thoroughly examines the synthesis techniques, morphological traits, and problems associated with pristine MOFs. Then, this article focuses on the synthesis techniques of MOF-based composites that include MOF/carbon, MOF/metal oxide, MOF/conducting polymer, MOF-derived carbons, and multimetallic MOF composites. This review highlights the issues with pristine MOFs and defines the synthetic strategies to overcome their shortcoming by synthesizing composite materials. Then, this article sheds light on the potential uses of MOF-based composite materials for energy storage, emphasizing supercapacitors. Last, this article provides a complete set of recent integrated studies in the field of supercapacitor applications. In the end, this article provides a precise and concise conclusion to this study along with future perspectives on the new research directions.