Long-term evaluation of a patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion treated with a temporary skeletal anchorage device-anchored maxillary protraction

This case report describes the long-term treatment of a patient with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion. An 11-year-old boy with maxillary hypoplasia underwent growth modification therapy using a skeletal anchorage facemask. After maxillary protraction and fixed appliance therapy, his pubertal growth was monitored, and he was instructed to wear a facemask continuously. Although there was mandibular growth, it was primarily vertical, resulting in an anterior open bite. Consequently, adjunctive orthodontic treatment, including molar intrusion, was performed. Throughout this treatment, no significant skeletal changes were observed as growth had ceased. The treatment took 8.3 years and achieved successful outcomes. Maxillary protraction with skeletal anchorage played a crucial role in improving the skeletal relationship. However, it is essential to recognize that mandibular growth also significantly influences the success of correcting Class III malocclusion.