粮食不安全与加纳怀孕少女和少女母亲的不良饮食质量有关

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107469

Harriet Okronipa , Isabelle Posey , Christiana Nsiah-Asamoah , Moses K Klevor , Emmanuel Ayifah

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引用次数: 0

摘要

粮食不安全是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，可能是不良饮食质量的决定因素。然而，青少年食物不安全与饮食质量之间的关系仍未得到充分研究。目的研究加纳怀孕青少年和青少年母亲的食物不安全与饮食质量之间的关系。方法对加纳海岸角12-19岁的怀孕少女（216例）和青春期母亲（206例）进行横断面调查。使用全球饮食质量问卷（DQQ）评估饮食质量指标，包括食物组多样性评分（FGDS）、女性最低饮食多样性（MDD-W）、ALL-5指标和非传染性疾病的饮食因素（NCD-Protect和NCD-Risk）。粮食不安全使用儿童粮食不安全体验量表（cies）进行测量。采用线性和逻辑回归来检验食品不安全和饮食质量指标之间的关系，并对相关协变量进行调整。结果调查对象平均年龄为18±1.2岁，以失学（70.50%）和无业（82.0%）居多。10组食物中有5组（FGDS为4.9±1.7），56.8%的受试者达到了MDD-W。CFIES平均得分为9.5±6.4,87.2%的人在过去30天内报告了一些粮食不安全。粮食不安全与FGDS和MDD-W显著相关，但与ALL-5指标无关。经历过粮食不安全的参与者不太可能达到MDD-W(优势比：0.39；95%可信区间：0.20,0.77)、食用非传染性疾病防护食品（β±SE = - 0.59±0.22,P = 0.0078）和食用与非传染性疾病风险相关的食品（- 0.74±0.26,P = 0.004）。结论粮食不安全与加纳怀孕少女和少女母亲的不良饮食质量显著相关。解决粮食不安全问题的干预措施可能会改善这一人群的饮食质量。

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Food Insecurity is Associated with Poor Diet Quality Among Pregnant Adolescents and Adolescent Mothers in Ghana

Background

Food insecurity is a global public health problem and a likely determinant of poor diet quality. However, the relationship between food insecurity and diet quality among adolescents remains under-researched.

Objective

This study examined the association between food insecurity and diet quality among pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers in Ghana.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pregnant adolescents (n = 216) and adolescent mothers (n = 206) aged 12-19 y in Cape Coast, Ghana. Diet Quality indicators, including Food Group Diversity Score (FGDS), Minimum Diet Diversity for women (MDD-W), ALL-5 indicator, and dietary factors for noncommunicable diseases (NCD-Protect and NCD-Risk) were assessed using the Global Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ). Food Insecurity was measured using the Child Food Insecurity Experience Scale (CFIES). Linear and logistic regression were used to examine the association between food insecurity and diet quality indicators, adjusting for relevant covariates.

Results

Participants had a mean age of 18 ± 1.2 y. Most were out of school (70.50%) and unemployed (82.0%). Participants consumed 5 out of 10 food groups (FGDS 4.9 ± 1.7), and 56.8% met the MDD-W. The mean CFIES score was 9.5 ± 6.4, with 87.2% reporting some food insecurity in the past 30 d. Food insecurity was significantly associated with FGDS and MDD-W but not the ALL-5 indicator. Participants who experienced food insecurity were less likely to meet the MDD-W (odds ratio: 0.39; 95% confidence interval: 0.20, 0.77), consume NCD protective foods (β ± SE = −0.59 ± 0.22, P = 0.0078) and consume foods linked to NCD risk (−0.74 ± 0.26, P = 0.004).

Conclusion

Food insecurity was significantly associated with poor diet quality among pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers in Ghana. Interventions addressing food insecurity may improve diet quality in this population.

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