Piezoelectric Properties of Woven Bone Scaffolds Modified with Barium Titanate Nanoparticles and Ag+ Ions

The application of piezoelectric bioscaffolds in bone tissue repair and regeneration has emerged as a research field. Barium titanate exhibits excellent piezoelectric properties and good biocompatibility, making it an ideal material for bone scaffolds. However, defects such as incomplete polarization and unstable piezoelectric properties significantly limit its application in this field. In this study, Ag⁺-modified barium titanate was mixed with hydroxyapatite in a sodium alginate solution, cross-linked to form a composite gel, and then injected into two-dimensional woven tubes. Through freeze-drying, woven bone scaffolds with a specific structure were successfully prepared. Ag⁺ significantly improved the piezoelectric stability of barium titanate. After polarization, the bone scaffold can generate a maximum output voltage of approximately 800 mV and an output current of 4.6 μA. Additionally, in vitro cell viability experiments indicate that the survival rate of osteoblasts on the polarized scaffold increased to 205.98%. This study expands the variety of bone regeneration materials and provides theoretical foundations and technical support for the development of bone tissue engineering.