{"title":"认知障碍老年人运动双任务缺陷及其与执行功能的关系。","authors":"Cady V Seavey, Brittany Heintz Walters","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2514483","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related manual dexterity impairments may critically depend on cognitive impairments. This study examined associations between task demands, cognitive function and dexterity impairments in older adults. A total of 42 participants, 21 young (age 19-39; 12 female, 9 male) and 21 older (age 65-88; 12 female and 9 males) adults performed the Grooved Pegboard test under single-task, dual task (visuospatial and nonspatial tasks) and bilateral (finger-tapping test) conditions. Cognitive and executive function were assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Trail Making Test (TMT). Older adults showed uniform declines in Grooved Pegboard performance across secondary tasks compared to young adults. Older adults with cognitive deficits (MoCA < 26) took 34% longer to complete the Grooved Pegboard during the nonspatial task compared to healthy older adults. The bilateral task revealed Grooved Pegboard and finger tapping impairments in older adults, particularly those with cognitive deficits, relative to young adults. Significant correlations between increased TMT B completion time and decreased Grooved Pegboard (<i>r</i> = 0.732) and finger-tapping (<i>r</i> = -0.663) performance highlights a relationship between executive function and dexterity impairments in older adults with cognitive deficits. Results suggest the role of cognitive impairments in motor function and the use of task-specific motor assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Motor Dual-Task Deficits and Their Associations with Executive Function in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairments.\",\"authors\":\"Cady V Seavey, Brittany Heintz Walters\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/00222895.2025.2514483\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Age-related manual dexterity impairments may critically depend on cognitive impairments. This study examined associations between task demands, cognitive function and dexterity impairments in older adults. A total of 42 participants, 21 young (age 19-39; 12 female, 9 male) and 21 older (age 65-88; 12 female and 9 males) adults performed the Grooved Pegboard test under single-task, dual task (visuospatial and nonspatial tasks) and bilateral (finger-tapping test) conditions. Cognitive and executive function were assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Trail Making Test (TMT). Older adults showed uniform declines in Grooved Pegboard performance across secondary tasks compared to young adults. Older adults with cognitive deficits (MoCA < 26) took 34% longer to complete the Grooved Pegboard during the nonspatial task compared to healthy older adults. The bilateral task revealed Grooved Pegboard and finger tapping impairments in older adults, particularly those with cognitive deficits, relative to young adults. Significant correlations between increased TMT B completion time and decreased Grooved Pegboard (<i>r</i> = 0.732) and finger-tapping (<i>r</i> = -0.663) performance highlights a relationship between executive function and dexterity impairments in older adults with cognitive deficits. Results suggest the role of cognitive impairments in motor function and the use of task-specific motor assessments.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50125,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Motor Behavior\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1-17\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Motor Behavior\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2514483\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"NEUROSCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Motor Behavior","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2514483","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
与年龄相关的手灵活性障碍可能严重依赖于认知障碍。本研究考察了任务要求、认知功能和老年人灵巧性损伤之间的关系。共有42名参与者，21名年轻人(19-39岁；女性12人，男性9人)，老年人21人(65-88岁；12名女性和9名男性成年人分别在单任务、双任务（视觉空间和非空间任务）和双侧（手指敲击测试）条件下进行了槽钉板测试。采用蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）和Trail Making Test （TMT）评估认知和执行功能。与年轻人相比，老年人在次要任务中的表现一致下降。认知缺陷老年人（MoCA < 26）在非空间任务中完成凹槽钉板的时间比健康老年人长34%。这项双侧实验显示，与年轻人相比，老年人，尤其是那些有认知缺陷的老年人，在手指敲击方面存在缺陷。TMT B完成时间的增加与凹槽钉板（r = 0.732）和手指敲击（r = -0.663）表现的下降之间存在显著相关性，这表明老年人认知缺陷的执行功能与灵巧性障碍之间存在关系。结果表明认知障碍在运动功能和特定任务运动评估中的作用。
Motor Dual-Task Deficits and Their Associations with Executive Function in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairments.
Age-related manual dexterity impairments may critically depend on cognitive impairments. This study examined associations between task demands, cognitive function and dexterity impairments in older adults. A total of 42 participants, 21 young (age 19-39; 12 female, 9 male) and 21 older (age 65-88; 12 female and 9 males) adults performed the Grooved Pegboard test under single-task, dual task (visuospatial and nonspatial tasks) and bilateral (finger-tapping test) conditions. Cognitive and executive function were assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Trail Making Test (TMT). Older adults showed uniform declines in Grooved Pegboard performance across secondary tasks compared to young adults. Older adults with cognitive deficits (MoCA < 26) took 34% longer to complete the Grooved Pegboard during the nonspatial task compared to healthy older adults. The bilateral task revealed Grooved Pegboard and finger tapping impairments in older adults, particularly those with cognitive deficits, relative to young adults. Significant correlations between increased TMT B completion time and decreased Grooved Pegboard (r = 0.732) and finger-tapping (r = -0.663) performance highlights a relationship between executive function and dexterity impairments in older adults with cognitive deficits. Results suggest the role of cognitive impairments in motor function and the use of task-specific motor assessments.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Motor Behavior, a multidisciplinary journal of movement neuroscience, publishes articles that contribute to a basic understanding of motor control. Articles from different disciplinary perspectives and levels of analysis are encouraged, including neurophysiological, biomechanical, electrophysiological, psychological, mathematical and physical, and clinical approaches. Applied studies are acceptable only to the extent that they provide a significant contribution to a basic issue in motor control. Of special interest to the journal are those articles that attempt to bridge insights from different disciplinary perspectives to infer processes underlying motor control. Those approaches may embrace postural, locomotive, and manipulative aspects of motor functions, as well as coordination of speech articulators and eye movements. Articles dealing with analytical techniques and mathematical modeling are welcome.
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