Sn4P3-decorated 2D N-doped carbon nanosheets as efficient polysulfide barriers for Li–S batteries†

The Sn₄P₃@NCS multifunctional separator suppresses polysulfide shuttling via van der Waals physical adsorption and Sn₄P₃/N-polar chemical anchoring, delivering a high discharge capacity of 1250 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.2C, and of 753 mA h g⁻¹ at 4C, and stable cycling performance under a sulfur loading of 3.8 mg cm⁻².