西北绿洲湿地水文-土壤-植被系统的相互作用与反馈机制

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Catena Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2025.109220

Bing Liu , Ying Zhao , Arash Malekian , Xiao Wang , Wenzhi Zhao , Maliheh Behrang Manesh , Bin Wang , Changkun Yang , Weihao Sun , Wen Li , Pouyan Dehghan Rahimabadi , Yangyang Meng , Chan Liu , Zhaocen Zhu , Rui Si

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引用次数: 0

摘要

湿地在维持生态平衡、支持干旱绿洲可持续发展方面具有重要作用。然而，绿洲水文-土壤-植被系统的相互作用和反馈机制尚不清楚。通过对中国西北湿地、河岸、草地、灌丛和复垦湿地进行为期5年的野外研究，分析了水文气候过程、土壤理化性质、植被特征及其相互作用和反馈机制。研究区降水量较低（122.5±12.3 mm /年）。不同湿地类型的水文变量差异显著：年平均蒸散量为598.2 ~ 654.53 mm yr - 1，地下水深度为85.4±5.3 ~ 130.1±14.8 mm，土壤含水量（SWC）为0.26±0.03 ~ 0.39±0.09。地下水深度显著影响SWC、pH、电导率、养分和离子浓度以及微生物和植被多样性。农业垦殖显著提高了Cl−、CO32−、Mg2+和K+浓度，显著降低了SO42−、HCO3−、Ca2+和Na+浓度。植被群落包括17科42属46种，以双子叶植物为主，占总物种数的56.52%。路径模拟表明，地下水深度直接影响土壤含水量（88%）、土壤离子含量（56%）和养分含量（32%），从而间接影响土壤微生物和植被多样性。SWC对植被多样性的影响强于地下水深度，总影响为86.1%（直接影响为62.9%，间接影响为23.2%）。这些结果表明，水文气候过程、土壤理化性质和人类活动之间的相互作用显著影响绿洲湿地的物种多样性和植被特征。

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Interactions and feedback mechanisms in oasis wetland hydrology–soil–vegetation systems, northwestern China

Wetlands play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance and supporting the sustainable development of arid oases. However, the interactions and feedback mechanisms within oasis hydrology–soil–vegetation systems remain unclear. A five-year field study was conducted in northwestern China across swamp, riparian, grassland, shrubland, and reclaimed wetlands to analyze hydroclimatic processes, soil physicochemical properties, vegetation characteristics, and their interactions and feedback mechanisms. Precipitation in the study area was low (122.5 ± 12.3 mm yr⁻¹). Significant differences were observed among wetland types in hydrological variables: average annual evapotranspiration ranged from 598.2 to 654.53 mm yr⁻¹, groundwater depth ranged from 85.4 ± 5.3 to 130.1 ± 14.8 mm, and soil water content (SWC) ranged from 0.26 ± 0.03 to 0.39 ± 0.09. Groundwater depth significantly affected SWC, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), nutrient and ion concentrations, and microbial and vegetation diversity. Reclamation for agriculture significantly increased Cl⁻, CO₃²⁻, Mg²⁺, and K⁺ concentrations, while significantly decreasing SO₄²⁻, HCO₃⁻, Ca²⁺, and Na⁺ concentrations. The overall vegetation community comprised 17 families, 42 genera, and 46 species, with dicotyledonous species dominating, accounting for 56.52 % of the total species count. Path modelling showed that groundwater depth directly affected soil water content (88 %), soil ion content (56 %), and nutrient content (32 %), thereby indirectly affecting soil microbial and vegetation diversity. SWC exerted a stronger influence on vegetation diversity than did groundwater depth, with a total effect of 86.1 % (direct effect: 62.9 %, indirect effect: 23.2 %). These findings indicate that interactions among hydroclimatic processes, soil physicochemical properties, and human activities significantly affect species diversity and vegetation characteristics in oasis wetlands.

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来源期刊

Catena 环境科学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

10.50

自引率

9.70%

发文量

816

审稿时长

54 days

期刊介绍： Catena publishes papers describing original field and laboratory investigations and reviews on geoecology and landscape evolution with emphasis on interdisciplinary aspects of soil science, hydrology and geomorphology. It aims to disseminate new knowledge and foster better understanding of the physical environment, of evolutionary sequences that have resulted in past and current landscapes, and of the natural processes that are likely to determine the fate of our terrestrial environment. Papers within any one of the above topics are welcome provided they are of sufficiently wide interest and relevance.