Influence of 2-Pyrrolidone on Carbon Dioxide Hydrate Phase Equilibrium

Additives are often used to solve the problem of hydrate blockage in pipelines such as carbon dioxide transportation and oil and gas transportation. Thermodynamic inhibitors can enhance the pressures of the hydrate phase equilibrium. The effect of 2-pyrrolidone on the CO₂ hydrate phase equilibrium is investigated in this work. The experimental results indicate that 2-pyrrolidone may act as a thermodynamic inhibitor. 2-Pyrrolidone is a type of cyclic amide substance that contains polar functional groups such as carbonyl groups in its molecular structure. It is bound to water by hydrogen bonds, intensifying competition for water molecules and thereby inhibiting hydrate formation. Its inhibitory influence increases when the mass fraction of 2-pyrrolidone increases.