Thais Gouvea de Morais, Yetsenia Del Valle Sánchez Uzcátegui, Chubert Bernardo Castro de Sena, Rodrigo Ribeiro Furtado, Fernando Tobias Silveira, Edilene Oliveira da Silva, Thiago Vasconcelos Dos Santos
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The intestines were obtained by dissection, and the species were confirmed by morphology. Interactions for each sand fly-Leishmania association were individually performed via an in vitro incubation system. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), galactose-(β 1,3)-GalNAc (Gal/GalNAc), and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) glycoconjugates of Trichophoromyia spp. were analyzed by Western blotting using corresponding peroxidase-conjugated lectins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No difference was found between Th. ubiquitalis and Lu. longipalpis attachment with L. (V.) lainsoni, and Lu. longipalpis with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (control). However, Th. brachipyga-L. (V.) lainsoni attachment was weaker than that of the control. Trichophoromyia spp. were negative for residues of GlcNAc terminally exposed. Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis was positive for GalNAc and Gal/GalNAc, whereas Th. brachipyga presented only residues of GalNac terminally exposed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study suggests that Trichophoromyia spp. sand flies, particularly Th. brachipyga, are susceptible to L. (V.) lainsoni, based on the observed vector-parasite attachment profiles and detection of GalNAc in their midguts. 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Considering the Amazonian transmission context of Trichophoromyia spp.-L. (Viannia) lainsoni, the present study aimed to assess in vitro interactions and detect gut glycoconjugates associated with this vector-parasite association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Field-caught Trichophoromyia brachipyga and Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis were tested. Lutzomyia longipalpis reared in the laboratory was used as a control. The intestines were obtained by dissection, and the species were confirmed by morphology. Interactions for each sand fly-Leishmania association were individually performed via an in vitro incubation system. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), galactose-(β 1,3)-GalNAc (Gal/GalNAc), and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) glycoconjugates of Trichophoromyia spp. were analyzed by Western blotting using corresponding peroxidase-conjugated lectins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No difference was found between Th. ubiquitalis and Lu. longipalpis attachment with L. (V.) lainsoni, and Lu. longipalpis with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (control). However, Th. brachipyga-L. (V.) lainsoni attachment was weaker than that of the control. Trichophoromyia spp. were negative for residues of GlcNAc terminally exposed. Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis was positive for GalNAc and Gal/GalNAc, whereas Th. brachipyga presented only residues of GalNac terminally exposed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study suggests that Trichophoromyia spp. sand flies, particularly Th. brachipyga, are susceptible to L. (V.) lainsoni, based on the observed vector-parasite attachment profiles and detection of GalNAc in their midguts. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：了解沙蝇-利什曼原虫附着决定因素对于提供媒介状态的证据至关重要。考虑毛癣菌在亚马逊地区的传播背景。（Viannia） lainsoni，本研究旨在评估体外相互作用并检测与该媒介-寄生虫关联相关的肠道糖缀合物。方法：对野外捕获的腕足毛蝇和泛毛蝇进行检测。以实验室饲养的长鼻Lutzomyia longipalpis为对照。通过解剖获得肠道，并通过形态学确定其种类。每个沙蝇-利什曼原虫关联的相互作用分别通过体外培养系统进行。利用相应的过氧化物酶偶联凝集素，采用Western blotting法对毛霉菌的n -乙酰- d -葡萄糖胺（GlcNAc）、半乳糖-(β 1,3)-GalNAc （Gal/GalNAc）和n -乙酰- d -半乳糖胺（GalNAc）糖缀合物进行分析。结果：两组间无明显差异。泛素和卢。L. (V.) lainsoni；长掌肌伴利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫）幼崽（对照）。然而,Th。brachipyga-L。（V.） lainsoni依恋较对照组弱。毛癣菌对末端暴露的GlcNAc残留检测均为阴性。泛毛癣菌GalNAc和Gal/GalNAc阳性；brachipyga只有末端暴露的GalNac残留物。结论：本研究提示毛癣菌属沙蝇，尤其是沙蝇。根据观察到的媒介-寄生虫附着谱和在其中肠中检测到的GalNAc， brachipyga对L. (V.) lainsoni敏感。这支持了表明这些沙蝇物种的媒介状态的早期现场数据。
In vitro interaction profiles and midgut glycoconjugates of Trichophoromyia spp./Leishmania (Viannia) lainsoni.
Background: Knowledge of sand fly-Leishmania attachment determinants is pivotal for providing evidence on vector status. Considering the Amazonian transmission context of Trichophoromyia spp.-L. (Viannia) lainsoni, the present study aimed to assess in vitro interactions and detect gut glycoconjugates associated with this vector-parasite association.
Methods: Field-caught Trichophoromyia brachipyga and Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis were tested. Lutzomyia longipalpis reared in the laboratory was used as a control. The intestines were obtained by dissection, and the species were confirmed by morphology. Interactions for each sand fly-Leishmania association were individually performed via an in vitro incubation system. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), galactose-(β 1,3)-GalNAc (Gal/GalNAc), and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) glycoconjugates of Trichophoromyia spp. were analyzed by Western blotting using corresponding peroxidase-conjugated lectins.
Results: No difference was found between Th. ubiquitalis and Lu. longipalpis attachment with L. (V.) lainsoni, and Lu. longipalpis with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (control). However, Th. brachipyga-L. (V.) lainsoni attachment was weaker than that of the control. Trichophoromyia spp. were negative for residues of GlcNAc terminally exposed. Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis was positive for GalNAc and Gal/GalNAc, whereas Th. brachipyga presented only residues of GalNac terminally exposed.
Conclusions: The present study suggests that Trichophoromyia spp. sand flies, particularly Th. brachipyga, are susceptible to L. (V.) lainsoni, based on the observed vector-parasite attachment profiles and detection of GalNAc in their midguts. This supports early field data suggesting the vector status of these sand fly species.
期刊介绍：
Parasites & Vectors is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal dealing with the biology of parasites, parasitic diseases, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens. Manuscripts published in this journal will be available to all worldwide, with no barriers to access, immediately following acceptance. However, authors retain the copyright of their material and may use it, or distribute it, as they wish.
Manuscripts on all aspects of the basic and applied biology of parasites, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens will be considered. In addition to the traditional and well-established areas of science in these fields, we also aim to provide a vehicle for publication of the rapidly developing resources and technology in parasite, intermediate host and vector genomics and their impacts on biological research. We are able to publish large datasets and extensive results, frequently associated with genomic and post-genomic technologies, which are not readily accommodated in traditional journals. Manuscripts addressing broader issues, for example economics, social sciences and global climate change in relation to parasites, vectors and disease control, are also welcomed.
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