大型6自由度多轴混合仿真中的摩擦特性与缓解

IF 5 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL
Pedram Mortazavi, Xiuyu S. Gao, Shawn You, Steve Barbachyn, Lauren Linderman, Catherine French, Carol Shield, Scott Nesvold
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在过去的几十年里,混合仿真已经被广泛用于理解结构部件和系统在极端载荷条件下的响应。具有六自由度(6DOF)的大型,三维(3D),多轴测试设备是通用的测试系统,可用于测试各种结构系统和组件。明尼苏达大学多轴组件测试(MAST)设备最初是在20世纪90年代开发的,最近升级到其6DOF多轴伪动态混合仿真能力。使用这种尺寸的6DOF多轴装置面临的一个众所周知的挑战是系统内部的摩擦,特别是在执行器的旋转中,如果不适当减轻或补偿,可能会导致混合模拟中的数值不稳定。因此,在使用这种设置时,必须了解摩擦对混合模拟稳定性的影响。表征装置内的摩擦不仅对于理解在试验过程中是否必须补偿摩擦效应至关重要,而且对于采用适当的摩擦补偿方案也很重要。考虑到这种过度约束的大型多轴装置的固有复杂性,由于它们的大小、容量和执行器内部复杂的相互作用,表征系统内的摩擦不是微不足道的。本文概述了MAST系统及其特点,简要回顾了过去选定的项目,以及新升级的混合仿真功能的体系结构。讨论了摩擦对混合仿真稳定性的影响,并给出了常用的摩擦控制或补偿方法。介绍了用于表征MAST测试设备性能的实验,包括系统内的内摩擦。这些实验可以作为类似测试装置中内摩擦特性的框架,并且可以用于新使用3D, 6DOF多轴测试装置的实验室。最后,进行了一套验证性的多轴伪动力混合仿真试验,其中桅杆系统的所有6dof都用于混合仿真控制回路。对1994年北岭地震下的三层抗弯矩框架结构进行了验证混合模拟。建筑内的一根柱子在MAST上进行了物理测试,而其余的结构首先在OpenSees中进行了数值模拟,然后在Ansys中进行了重复测试。给出了伪动态混合仿真结果,并与纯数值预测结果进行了比较,验证了系统的性能。MAST系统中集成的静压摩擦轴承确保了与系统容量相比可以忽略不计的摩擦,在最坏情况下的摩擦不超过0.23%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Friction Characterization and Mitigation in Large-Scale 6DOF Multi-Axial Hybrid Simulation

Friction Characterization and Mitigation in Large-Scale 6DOF Multi-Axial Hybrid Simulation

In the last few decades, hybrid simulation has become widely used for understanding the response of structural components and systems under extreme loading conditions. Large-scale, three-dimensional (3D), multi-axial testing facilities with six degrees of freedom (6DOF) are versatile testing systems that can be used for testing a variety of structural systems and components. The University of Minnesota Multi-Axial Subassemblage Testing (MAST) facility, which was originally developed in the 1990s, has had recent upgrades to its 6DOF multi-axial pseudo-dynamic hybrid simulation capabilities. One of the well-recognized challenges in using such 6DOF multi-axial setups of this size is the friction within the system, especially in the swivels of actuators, which can lead to numerical instabilities in hybrid simulation if not mitigated or compensated for properly. As such, when using such setups, friction effects on the stability of hybrid simulation must be understood. Characterizing the friction within the setup is not only crucial for understanding whether friction effects must be compensated for during the test, but it is also important for adopting the appropriate friction compensation scheme. Given the inherent complexities of such over-constrained large-scale multi-axial setups, due to their size, capacity, and the intricate interaction within the actuators, characterizing the friction within the system is not trivial. This paper provides an overview of the MAST system and its features, a brief review of selected past projects, and the architecture of the newly upgraded hybrid simulation capabilities. The effects of friction on the stability of hybrid simulation are discussed, and commonly used methods for managing friction or compensating for it are presented. The experiments used to characterize the performance of the MAST testing facility, including the internal friction within the system, are presented. These experiments can serve as a framework for internal friction characterization in similar test setups and can be used by laboratories that are new to using 3D, 6DOF multi-axial test setups. In the end, a suite of validation multi-axial pseudo-dynamic hybrid simulation tests was performed, where all 6DOFs of the MAST system were used in the hybrid simulation control loop. The validation hybrid simulations were performed on a three-story moment resisting frame structure, under the 1994 Northridge earthquake. One of the columns within the building was physically tested at MAST, while the rest of the structure was modeled numerically first in OpenSees, and afterward in Ansys in a repeat test. Results from the pseudo-dynamic hybrid simulation are presented and compared with purely numerical predictions, which validated the system performance. The hydrostatic friction bearings incorporated within the MAST system ensured negligible friction compared to the capacity of the system, with the friction not exceeding 0.23% for the worst-case scenario.

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来源期刊
Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 工程技术-工程:地质
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
13.30%
发文量
180
审稿时长
4.8 months
期刊介绍: Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics provides a forum for the publication of papers on several aspects of engineering related to earthquakes. The problems in this field, and their solutions, are international in character and require knowledge of several traditional disciplines; the Journal will reflect this. Papers that may be relevant but do not emphasize earthquake engineering and related structural dynamics are not suitable for the Journal. Relevant topics include the following: ground motions for analysis and design geotechnical earthquake engineering probabilistic and deterministic methods of dynamic analysis experimental behaviour of structures seismic protective systems system identification risk assessment seismic code requirements methods for earthquake-resistant design and retrofit of structures.
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