Yawo E. Klu, Hélène Amazouz, Marianne Canonico, Pascal Guénel, Marina Kvaskoff, Gianluca Severi, Loredana Radoi, Aviane Auguste
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We used a Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with age as the time scale. We also conducted a cluster analysis using the K-means method to assess distinct patterns of hormone exposure and the cancer risk associated with them.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>91 114 women were included (398 lung and 157 UADT). We highlighted 6 distinct exposure patterns of hormonal exposure, but no significant association was noted with cancer risk. Concerning individual factors, shorter menstrual cycles (≤ 24 days) were associated with a higher risk of developing female lung cancer even among never smokers (HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.01–3.01). Among never smokers, the risk of UADT was lower among women with at least 3 pregnancies compared to those with none (HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20–0.91). Menarche under 12 years was associated with a non-significant increase in the risk of UADT cancer among never smokers (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 0.95–3.26).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Menstrual cycle length was significantly associated with higher risk lung cancer, while UADT cancer was inversely associated with the number of pregnancies. Our findings are widely consistent with the commonly adopted hypothesis of oestrogen deficiency as a mechanism for UADT risk but not for lung cancer. While larger studies are needed to confirm these findings, our study is novel, particularly for UADT cancer since our study is one of the first longitudinal studies among never smokers.</p>\n \n <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03285230</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70223","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Association Between Hormonal Factors and Risk of Lung and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer in French Women: The E3N Prospective Cohort Study\",\"authors\":\"Yawo E. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景肺癌和上气消化道（UADT）癌症的发病率存在显著的性别差异。经常观察到暴露于激素因素和这些癌症之间的反比关系。流行病学研究的数据仍然不一致。目的：我们调查了法国女性中激素因素与肺癌和UADT风险之间的关系。方法E3N是法国一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究，于1990年招募了98995名女性。我们使用Cox比例风险回归模型来估计以年龄为时间尺度的风险比（hr）和95%置信区间（ci）。我们还使用K-means方法进行了聚类分析，以评估激素暴露的不同模式以及与之相关的癌症风险。结果共纳入91 114例（肺398例，UADT 157例）。我们强调了6种不同的激素暴露模式，但没有发现与癌症风险有显著关联。就个体因素而言，较短的月经周期（≤24天）与女性肺癌的高风险相关，即使在从不吸烟者中也是如此（HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.01-3.01）。在从不吸烟的女性中，至少有3次怀孕的女性发生UADT的风险低于没有怀孕的女性（HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20-0.91）。12岁以下的初潮与从不吸烟者患UADT癌的风险无显著增加相关（HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 0.95-3.26）。结论月经周期长短与肺癌高危率显著相关，UADT癌与妊娠次数呈负相关。我们的研究结果与普遍采用的雌激素缺乏是UADT风险的机制而不是肺癌的机制的假设广泛一致。虽然需要更大规模的研究来证实这些发现，但我们的研究是新颖的，特别是对于UADT癌症，因为我们的研究是首次在从不吸烟者中进行的纵向研究之一。试验注册：clinicaltrials.gov标识符：NCT03285230
Association Between Hormonal Factors and Risk of Lung and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer in French Women: The E3N Prospective Cohort Study
Background
Significant sex disparities exist in the incidence of lung and upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) cancers. Inverse relationships have often been observed between exposure to hormonal factors and these cancers. Data from epidemiological studies are still inconsistent.
Aims
We investigated the association between hormonal factors and the risk of cancers of the lung and UADT in French women.
Methods
E3N is a French prospective population-based cohort that recruited 98 995 women in 1990. We used a Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with age as the time scale. We also conducted a cluster analysis using the K-means method to assess distinct patterns of hormone exposure and the cancer risk associated with them.
Results
91 114 women were included (398 lung and 157 UADT). We highlighted 6 distinct exposure patterns of hormonal exposure, but no significant association was noted with cancer risk. Concerning individual factors, shorter menstrual cycles (≤ 24 days) were associated with a higher risk of developing female lung cancer even among never smokers (HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.01–3.01). Among never smokers, the risk of UADT was lower among women with at least 3 pregnancies compared to those with none (HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20–0.91). Menarche under 12 years was associated with a non-significant increase in the risk of UADT cancer among never smokers (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 0.95–3.26).
Conclusion
Menstrual cycle length was significantly associated with higher risk lung cancer, while UADT cancer was inversely associated with the number of pregnancies. Our findings are widely consistent with the commonly adopted hypothesis of oestrogen deficiency as a mechanism for UADT risk but not for lung cancer. While larger studies are needed to confirm these findings, our study is novel, particularly for UADT cancer since our study is one of the first longitudinal studies among never smokers.
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