Carmen M. Villarruel, Aaron Goodman, Hark Karkee, Heather Lowes, Jay Thompson, Alexander Gundlach-Graham, James F. Ranville
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Wildfire induced release of Cr nanoparticles from Tire Crumb Rubber
Wildfire activity at the Wildland-Urban Interface is increasingly burning structures and anthropogenic materials. It is documented that wildfire alters the form and increases mobility of trace metals in natural environments, yet little is known about their fate in burned anthropogenic materials. We use single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS), to examine how burning during a wildfire impacted the elemental composition, and size of metal containing nanoparticles (<100 nm) in Tire Crumb Rubber (TCR), an end-of-life tire byproduct used in playgrounds, gardens, and urban areas. We show that burned TCR from a playground is a source of potentially toxic metal containing nanoparticles (NPs), including Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Cu. Metal-containing NPs from burned TCR were significantly more abundant than unburned, suggesting greater environmental mobility. We report a unique population of Cr rich NPs resulting from burning, and which were not observed for other metals. These NPs showed increased Cr mass per particle and over two orders of magnitude increase in number. Nanoparticles are a vector for respiratory exposure to trace metals, with their small size increasing penetration into the lung, underpinning the importance of studying NP release from anthropogenic materials which are widely used in the built environment.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.