Organoid models for chemosensing cell studies.

Over the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in using organoids-three-dimensional, miniature organ-like structures-to model tissues and organs in vitro, including both regenerative tissues (which contain tissue-residing stem/progenitor cells) and largely non-regenerative tissues, such as the brain. Organoids resemble the tissues from which they are derived in many aspects of structure, function, and organization. As a result, organoid models have been utilized in a variety of fields for cell studies. Many well-written reviews have provided in-depth descriptions of organoid models for various systems. In this article, we review the establishment and application of tissue stem/progenitor cell-derived organoid models relevant to chemosensory cell studies (taste and smell), and discuss the limitations and future directions of using these models to study chemosensation.