Najmeh Youseftabar Miri, Mohammad H. Eikani, Nahid Khandan, Yasamin Bide
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Ultrasound-assisted subcritical water nanonization of quercetin
The response surface Box-Behnken (BBD) design was applied to optimize quercetin nanoparticle (nano-QC) formation by ultrasound-assisted subcritical water (SCW) nanonization. The SCW was the solvent in an anti-solvent precipitation (ASP) process and independent variables were SCW temperature (120–150°C), ultrasound power (0–100 W), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) concentration (0.1–0.5 wt%). The optimal conditions for producing the lowest mean particle size of 17 ± 4 nm with polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.143 ± 0.022 were SCW temperature of 150 °C, ultrasound power of 100 W, and PVP concentration of 0.3 wt%. The physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of the nano-QC were compared to raw-QC. The FTIR results confirmed no chemical changes in the samples after the SCW nanonization. However, significant changes were observed by DLS and SEM. Compared with the raw-QC, the nano-QC showed noticeable increase in dissolution rate and higher antioxidant activity.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Supercritical Fluids is an international journal devoted to the fundamental and applied aspects of supercritical fluids and processes. Its aim is to provide a focused platform for academic and industrial researchers to report their findings and to have ready access to the advances in this rapidly growing field. Its coverage is multidisciplinary and includes both basic and applied topics.
Thermodynamics and phase equilibria, reaction kinetics and rate processes, thermal and transport properties, and all topics related to processing such as separations (extraction, fractionation, purification, chromatography) nucleation and impregnation are within the scope. Accounts of specific engineering applications such as those encountered in food, fuel, natural products, minerals, pharmaceuticals and polymer industries are included. Topics related to high pressure equipment design, analytical techniques, sensors, and process control methodologies are also within the scope of the journal.