饮食模式与COVID-19严重程度之间的关系：一项横断面研究

IF 2.6 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition ESPEN Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.05.039

Hanieh Ansaralhosieni , Noushin Mohammadifard , Marzieh Taheri , Jamshid najafian , Marzieh Kafeshani , Nizal Sarrafzadegan

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景,covid -19是一种由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）引起的传染病。研究表明，营养在疾病预防和控制中起着重要作用。因此，在这项研究中，我们调查了饮食模式与成人COVID-19严重程度之间的关系。方法对3018例中/重度、717例轻度冠状病毒感染患者进行横断面研究，平均年龄47.29±13.73岁。COVID-19感染严重程度是根据世界卫生组织的标准定义的。采用食物频率问卷（FFQ）和主成分分析法进行因子分析。采用多变量logistic回归评估饮食模式与COVID-19严重程度之间的关系。结果提取出西部、半地中海、半西部和高肉4种模式，粗模型中西部模式与COVID-19严重程度无正相关，但在调整所有协变量后，正相关显著(OR: 1.50；95%置信区间:1.14—-1.97)。半地中海饮食模式的最高分值与较低的严重疾病几率相关(OR: 0.31；95% ci: 0.24-0.41)。在所有模型中都发现了半西方饮食模式与COVID-19严重程度之间的直接关联，并且在最终模型中对所有协变量进行调整后仍然存在强烈关联(OR: 2.14；95% ci: 1.66-2.77)。最后，在调整混杂因素后，坚持高肉类饮食模式的最高四分位数的参与者患严重COVID-19的几率较低(OR: 0.16；95% ci: 0.11-0.21)。结论坚持西方和半西方饮食模式会增加COVID-19严重程度的几率，而坚持半地中海和高肉类饮食模式可能会降低COVID-19严重程度。

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The association between dietary patterns and severity of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study

Background & aims

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Studies show that nutrition plays a role in disease prevention and control. So, in this study, we investigate the association between dietary patterns and the severity of COVID-19 in adults.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was performed on 3018 moderate/severe and 717 mild coronavirus patients with an average age of 47.29 ± 13.73 years. The COVID-19 infection severity was defined following the World Health Organization criteria. The dietary patterns were extracted using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and factor analysis with the PCA (Principal Components Analysis) approach. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between dietary patterns and COVID-19 severity.

Results

Four patterns of Western, Semi-Mediterranean, Semi-Western, and high meat were extracted There wasn't a positive association between the Western pattern and the severity of COVID-19 in the crude model, but after adjusting for all covariates, the positive association was significant (OR: 1.50; 95%CI: 1.14–1.97). The highest tertile of the Semi-Mediterranean dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of severe disease (OR: 0.31; 95 % CI: 0.24–0.41). A direct association between the Semi-Western dietary pattern and COVID-19 severity was seen in all models and remained strongly after adjustment for all covariates in final models (OR: 2.14; 95 % CI: 1.66–2.77). Finally, after adjusting for confounders, participants in the highest quartile of a high-meat dietary pattern adherence had a lower chance of severe COVID-19(OR: 0.16; 95 % CI: 0.11–0.21).

Conclusion

The findings showed that adherence the Western and Semi-Western dietary patterns increases the odds of severity of COVID-19, while semi-Mediterranean and high-meat dietary patterns adherence may reduce the severity of COVID-19.

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition ESPEN NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

512

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is an electronic-only journal and is an official publication of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Nutrition and nutritional care have gained wide clinical and scientific interest during the past decades. The increasing knowledge of metabolic disturbances and nutritional assessment in chronic and acute diseases has stimulated rapid advances in design, development and clinical application of nutritional support. The aims of ESPEN are to encourage the rapid diffusion of knowledge and its application in the field of clinical nutrition and metabolism. Published bimonthly, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN focuses on publishing articles on the relationship between nutrition and disease in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is available to all members of ESPEN and to all subscribers of Clinical Nutrition.