2004-2019年英国和美国≥51岁成年人的家庭可用性、记忆功能及其衰退

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Ssm-Population Health Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI:10.1016/j.ssmph.2025.101824

Tsai-Chin Cho , Xuexin Yu , Lindsay C. Kobayashi

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：我们调查配偶和子女是否会共同影响中老年人的记忆老化，以及它们的共同影响是否在美国和英国这两个社会保障体系不同的高收入国家之间有所不同。方法：我们在美国健康与退休研究（HRS）中研究了联合家庭可用性与随后的记忆功能和衰退的关系。n = 4612)和英国老龄化纵向研究(ELSA；N = 3502)从2004年到2019年。联合家庭可用性评估了一个6点指数，包括配偶、任何共同子女和任何经常社交的子女的存在和残疾状况。记忆力每两年评估一次，使用统一的20分单词回忆量表。结果中等水平的共同家庭可用性（与没有配偶或子女相比）与更好的记忆功能有关。然而，在美国，它与更快的记忆衰退有关，但在英国却没有(例如，美国的4分家庭可用性得分：β = - 0.18；95% ci:−0.31,−0.06；跨国差异的p值为0.01)。两种结果均未观察到剂量-反应关系。在老龄化的美国成年人中，配偶和子女的共同存在可能会支持更好的晚年记忆功能，但也会加快记忆衰退，这与认知储备机制一致。缺乏剂量-反应关系表明，随着配偶或子女以外的家庭可用性水平的增加，收益递减。尽管还需要进一步调查，但美国和英国之间这些关联的跨国异质性可能意味着社会保障网络背景下的影响改变。

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Family availability and memory function and decline among adults aged ≥51 in England and the United States, 2004–2019

Objectives

We investigated whether spousal and child availability may jointly impact memory aging among middle-aged and older adults, and if their joint impact varies between the US and England, two high-income countries with dissimilar social safety nets.

Methods

We examined the associations of joint family availability with subsequent memory function and decline among adults aged ≥51 in the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS; n = 4612) and English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA; n = 3502) from 2004 to 2019. Joint family availability was assessed on a 6-point index incorporating the presence and disability status of a spouse, any coresident child, and any child with frequent social contact. Memory was assessed biennially using a harmonized 20-point word recall scale.

Results

A moderate level of joint family availability (vs. no spouse or children) was associated with better memory function in both countries. Yet, it was associated with faster memory decline in the US, but not in England (e.g., 4-point family availability score in the US: β = −0.18; 95 % CI: −0.31, −0.06; P-value for the cross-national difference: 0.01). No dose-response relationship was observed for either outcome.

Discussion

Among aging US adults, joint spousal and child availability may support better later-life memory function, yet faster memory decline, consistent with a cognitive reserve mechanism. The lack of dose-response relationships suggests diminishing returns with increasing levels of family availability beyond the presence of a spouse or child. Cross-national heterogeneity in these associations between the US and England may imply effect modification by social safety net contexts, although further investigation is needed.

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来源期刊

Ssm-Population Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

2.10%

发文量

298

审稿时长

101 days

期刊介绍： SSM - Population Health. The new online only, open access, peer reviewed journal in all areas relating Social Science research to population health. SSM - Population Health shares the same Editors-in Chief and general approach to manuscripts as its sister journal, Social Science & Medicine. The journal takes a broad approach to the field especially welcoming interdisciplinary papers from across the Social Sciences and allied areas. SSM - Population Health offers an alternative outlet for work which might not be considered, or is classed as ''out of scope'' elsewhere, and prioritizes fast peer review and publication to the benefit of authors and readers. The journal welcomes all types of paper from traditional primary research articles, replication studies, short communications, methodological studies, instrument validation, opinion pieces, literature reviews, etc. SSM - Population Health also offers the opportunity to publish special issues or sections to reflect current interest and research in topical or developing areas. The journal fully supports authors wanting to present their research in an innovative fashion though the use of multimedia formats.