Effect of Al2O3 nano-particle on the performance and emission characteristics of millettia ferruginea (Berbera) biodiesel blend fuel on single cylinder compression ignition engine

This study investigate the performance and emission properties of biodiesel blends made from Millettia ferruginea with and without Al2O3 Nano-particles on a single-cylinder compression ignition engine. A study further demonstrated the physiochemical properties of the blended biodiesel like density, kinematic viscosity, pour point, cloud point, flash point, and fire point. The combustion performance of the B10, B20, and B30 blending ratios were investigated both with and without Al2O3 Nano-particles. Therefore, as compared to pure diesel, biodiesel blends, B10, B20, and B30 generally have lower brake power, with B30 having the largest decrease in brake power. However, the addition of 100-ppm Al2O3 Nano-particles raises the brake thermal efficiency to 35.2% and increases brake power by 17.9%. The addition of Al2O3 Nano-particles lowers the brake specific fuel consumption for the B30 blend from 18.9% to 4.1%. Exhaust gas temperatures (EGT) increased in tandem with an increase in the proportion of biodiesel. Nevertheless, the addition of 100 ppm of Al2O3 nanoparticles caused a 16.6% drop in B20's EGT. Based on the findings of the emissions test, CO2 emissions increase by 8.21% when using a B30 blend biodiesel without nanoparticles because of complete combustion, and by 11.9% and 16.3% when 50 ppm and 100 ppm of Al2O3 are added, respectively. Due to the complete combustion that was initiated by Nano-Particle Al2O3 100 ppm, CO and HC decreased by 28.35%. The NOx emissions increased as the amount of biodiesel blend without nanoparticles was increased. When 100 ppm of Al2O3 nanoparticles were added to the B30 biodiesel blend, however, NOx decreased by 6.4%. In general, the addition of Al2O3 Nano-particles to the biodiesel blend enhanced emission characteristics and combustion efficiency of the biodiesel significantly.