植物染色体的结构和压实：用先进的电子显微镜研究

IF 2.2 3区工程技术 Q1 MICROSCOPY

Micron Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI:10.1016/j.micron.2025.103860

Nobuko Ohmido , Channarong Sartsanga , Astari Dwiranti

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引用次数: 0

摘要

染色体作为遗传信息传递的基本单位，了解其高阶结构一直是一个长期的研究挑战。本文综述了植物染色体结构分析的最新进展，重点介绍了能够实现纳米级染色质结构可视化的电子显微镜技术。染色体制备的改进，包括染色体分离和离子液体涂层，增强了染色体结构的保存。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、聚焦离子束电子显微镜（FIB-SEM）和高压透射电子显微镜（HVTEM）揭示了染色质在着丝体和非着丝体区域折叠的详细特征。蛋白质组学研究已经确定了关键的染色体蛋白，如拓扑异构酶II和核仁蛋白，有助于染色体凝聚和稳定性。本文还讨论了二价阳离子和RNA在染色质压实中的作用。结合这些发现，本文综述了技术进步及其对染色体结构研究的影响。

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Structure and compaction of plant chromosomes: Studies using advanced electron microscopy

Chromosomes serve as fundamental units for the transmission of genetic information, and understanding their higher-order structure has been a longstanding research challenge. This review highlights recent advances in plant chromosome structure analysis, focusing on electron microscopy techniques that enable nanoscale visualization of chromatin architecture. Improvements in chromosome preparation, including chromosome isolation and ionic liquid coating, have enhanced the preservation of chromosome structure. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Focused Ion Beam SEM (FIB-SEM) and High-Voltage Transmission Electron Microscopy (HVTEM) have revealed detailed features of chromatin folding in centromeric and non-centromeric regions. Proteomic studies have identified key chromosomal proteins, such as topoisomerase II and nucleolar proteins, contributing to chromosome condensation and stability. The role of divalent cations and RNA in chromatin compaction are also discussed. Integrating these findings, this review provides an overview of technological advancements and their impact on elucidating chromosome architecture.

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来源期刊

Micron 工程技术-显微镜技术

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

4.20%

发文量

100

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： Micron is an interdisciplinary forum for all work that involves new applications of microscopy or where advanced microscopy plays a central role. The journal will publish on the design, methods, application, practice or theory of microscopy and microanalysis, including reports on optical, electron-beam, X-ray microtomography, and scanning-probe systems. It also aims at the regular publication of review papers, short communications, as well as thematic issues on contemporary developments in microscopy and microanalysis. The journal embraces original research in which microscopy has contributed significantly to knowledge in biology, life science, nanoscience and nanotechnology, materials science and engineering.