Lisbeth Mølgaard Laustsen , Marie Bergmann , Torben Sigsgaard , Steffen Petersen , Charlotte Gabel
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Findings were categorized into symptom groups and visualized using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After screening 10,737 articles, 18 studies were included: six cross-sectional, seven case-control, and five quasi-experimental or interventional studies. The study quality varied considerably with frequent limitations due to non-responses and lack of follow-up, insufficient length of the exposure assessment period, and inadequate strategies to deal with confounding. The study findings were mixed but indicated fewer adverse health outcomes when the ACH level was higher for six out of seven symptom groups (asthma, dermal, mucosal, infections, respiratory, and general symptoms), especially at lower mean ACH levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our review expands and updates the insights obtained from previous narrative reviews, identifying several additional studies. Beside biases and residual confounding, the mixed results might be due to different levels of indoor- and outdoor-originated pollutants. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
通风是室内空气质量的关键参数,因此可以预防不良健康症状。然而,关于住宅建筑每小时换气量(ACH)的基于健康的建议没有得到充分的证据支持,而且缺乏对住宅建筑中ACH研究的质量和结果以及健康结果的广泛概述。方法检索到2025年3月13日的PubMed、Web of Science和Scopus,并对现有综述进行连锁检索,纳入观察性和干预性研究。对审稿人使用乔安娜布里格斯研究所的关键评估工具独立评估研究质量。结果分为症状组,并使用局部加权散点图平滑可视化。结果在筛选了10,737篇文章后,纳入了18项研究:6项横断面研究,7项病例对照研究和5项准实验或干预性研究。由于无应答和缺乏随访、暴露评估期不够长以及处理混杂因素的策略不充分,研究质量差异很大。研究结果好坏不一,但表明当7个症状组(哮喘、皮肤、粘膜、感染、呼吸道和一般症状)中的6个乙酰胆碱水平较高时,特别是在乙酰胆碱平均水平较低时,不良健康结果较少。结论:我们的综述扩展和更新了从以往的叙述性综述中获得的见解,确定了一些额外的研究。除了偏差和残留混淆外,混合结果可能是由于室内和室外污染物的不同水平所致。未来的研究可能会受益于关注老年人和多户住宅,并提供几个通风指标的研究结果。
Air changes per hour in residential buildings and health outcomes: a scoping review
Background
Ventilation is a key parameter for indoor air quality and thereby preventing adverse health symptoms. However, health-based recommendations on air changes per hour (ACH) in residential buildings is not thoroughly substantiated by evidence, and an extensive overview of the quality and findings of studies on ACH in residential buildings and health outcomes is lacking.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to March 13, 2025, and conducted chain search of existing reviews to include observational and interventional studies. Pairs of reviewers independently assessed study quality using Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools. Findings were categorized into symptom groups and visualized using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing.
Results
After screening 10,737 articles, 18 studies were included: six cross-sectional, seven case-control, and five quasi-experimental or interventional studies. The study quality varied considerably with frequent limitations due to non-responses and lack of follow-up, insufficient length of the exposure assessment period, and inadequate strategies to deal with confounding. The study findings were mixed but indicated fewer adverse health outcomes when the ACH level was higher for six out of seven symptom groups (asthma, dermal, mucosal, infections, respiratory, and general symptoms), especially at lower mean ACH levels.
Conclusion
Our review expands and updates the insights obtained from previous narrative reviews, identifying several additional studies. Beside biases and residual confounding, the mixed results might be due to different levels of indoor- and outdoor-originated pollutants. Future studies could benefit from focusing on elderly populations and multi-family housing and provide findings for several ventilation metrics.